Design Of Clustering Routing Protocol For Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy harvesting wireless sensor networks(EH-WSN)have been widely used in various areas in recent years.Unlike battery-powered wireless sensor networks,EH-WSN are powered by energy harvested from ambience.So the aim of routing design for EH-WSN is changed from extending the lifetime of a sensor network to maximizing the network throughput under given environment power constraints.This change calls for new designs on routing protocols in EH-WSN.This thesis proposes two novel clustering routing protocols for EH-WSN.They can be classified into two different categories,i.e.the distributed clustering and the centralized clustering.Based on centralized clustering,a novel centralized clustering routing algorithm based on discrete particle swarm optimization(DPSO)is proposed.The base station(BS)gathers status information from all nodes,then runs a modified DPSO algorithm to find the optimal topology for wireless sensor networks.The cluster heads election and non-cluster head nodes attribution are considered as an overall problem and optimized simultaneously.Simulation results show that the DPSO-based clustering routing has stronger ability to balance energy consumption among sensor nodes in EH-WSN and increases the network throughput by 15%than sLEACH.Using the concept of distributed clustering,an energy-aware clustering routing protocol is proposed,which takes the node current residual energy and the harvested energy in a short term prediction horizon into cluster heads election algorithm.The algorithm exploits a neural network based solar energy prediction model to make the routing protocol energy-aware.Nodes with higher residual energy and stronger energy harvesting capabilities have higher probability of being cluster heads.We compare the proposed routing algorithm with LEACH in terms of the number of awake nodes and network throughput.Simulation results show that the energy-aware clustering routing has stronger ability to balance energy consumption among sensor nodes in EH-WSN.This thesis introduces the system models used in this thesis and the two novel clustering routing protocols in details.Computer simulation results will also be presented to show that improvements of the proposed protocols in increasing the utilization efficiency of harvested energy and the network throughput.