Study Of Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm In WSN Based On Cooperative MIMO

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is distributed Network which deployed in monitoring area composed by a large number of sensor nodes with monitoring,perception,collection and processing capabilities to multiple target data within a network area in a collaborative manner,and sends the processed data to the observer in a self-organized multi-hop manner.The biggest limitation of WSN is that the energy of the sensor nodes is limited and irreplaceable.Routing is responsible for forwarding the data collected by the source node to the destination node via the relay node,which consumes a large amount of energy in this process.Therefore,reducing the energy consumption of the sensor nodes,designing a routing algorithm that can extend the life cycle of WSN as much as possible is the most challenging problem for long-running WSN.Most of the existing routing algorithms are based on SingleInput Single-Output(SISO)system,which has the disadvantages of high energy consumption and unreliable.With the development of communication technology,embedded technology and sensor technology,the design requirements of routing algorithm can adapt to a larger network and combine with other technologies.The Research shows that the Multi-Input Multi-Output(MIMO)system can provide more reliable communication than the SISO system under the same signal-to-noise ratio.The cooperative MIMO technology is introduced into the WSN,and the diversity gain can be generated by cooperative communication between nodes,which can improve the performance of the network and reduce the energy consumption.In this thesis,on the basis of existing research,according to the characteristic of energy limited and uneven energy consumption in WSN,an energy balanced cooperative routing algorithm(EBCR)is proposed based on the cooperative MIMO technology.Firstly,according to the number of the optimal domain head in the network and based on the virtual grid algorithm,the algorithm divides the network within the WSN deployment into domains,and improves the deficiency of the virtual grid algorithm in the election stage of the domain node,selects near the center of mass,high residual energy of node as the domain head in each domain.In this way,under the premise of ensuring that the network has been evenly divided into domains,to ensure that domain head nodes evenly distributed in domain.Secondly,in order to make the cooperative MIMO technology can be better applied to WSN,an energy efficient cooperative node selection algorithm is proposed.When selecting the cooperative node,according to the preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold range to determine optional collection of cooperative nodes,and considering optional nodes remaining energy,channel information,and the distance from domain head nodes,optimal cooperative nodes of domain head nodes will be selected out.In the inter-domain data forwarding process,based on game theory an inter domain routing algorithm with energy balance is proposed and considering optional domain head nodes remaining energy,the number of communication hops from Sink node,the energy density,and the communication distance between the nodes,a new benefit function is constructed.Through benefit function can select the node with the greatest benefit as data relaying nodes,for data forwarding.Experimental final results indicate that compared with MIMO-LEACH algorithm and HEED algorithm,EBCR algorithm has a great improvement in network survival time,energy utilization efficiency,and balance network energy consumption.