| With the development of the national ecological civilization construction and related policies and laws about energy saving and emission reduction, the low carbon logistics has begun to be concerned by the academic and enterprise. As a major industry of energy consumption and carbon emissions, logistics industry will become an important direction in the future development of logistics. In every link of the logistics, transportation and distribution are the largest proportion of the total cost, energy consumption mainly comes from fossil fuel, fuel not only in the total occupies a large proportion in transportation cost, and also one of the main sources of emissions of carbon dioxide, which can be seen the key to realize the low carbon logistics is the optimization of transport, which is the vehicle routing problem of logistics distribution under low carbon constraints.In the existing literature of vehicle routing optimization problem, the research focuses on how to make the best profit of the enterprise through the vehicle running cost minimization, some scholars assumption that minimizing the vehicle operating costs equivalent to minimizing the operating distance of the vehicle. But the shortest distance is equivalent to the minimum cost based on the fuel consumption rate is unchanged. In fact, in the process of running, the fuel consumption is influenced by many factors.In this paper, our research start from the fuel consumption factor of vehicles, reduce logistics costs as the target, establish a model of vehicle routing problem with low carbon constraints, and improve the existing bionic intelligent algorithm to solve the problem, in order to realize the win-win situation of logistics cost and environmental protection. The main research contents and achievements of this paper include:(1) Summarize the literature review on the low carbon logistics, and found that there are more qualitative research in China, but simplify and abstract quantitative research which used to set up the mathematical model is less. Therefore, for improve the current lack, analysis the mathematical model and solution algorithm of vehicle routing problem, meanwhile review the emerging research status of vehicle routing problem considering fuel consumption.(2) Discuss the basic theory of low carbon logistics and the realization way of low carbon distribution, from the three main cause which include vehicle, environment and person to analysis and quantification vehicle fuel consumption impact factors. Under the influence of both cost and environment, the mathematical model of low carbon CVRP and low carbon VRPTW is established to minimize the cost.(3) Aiming at the NP-hard characteristic of the vehicle routing problem, through the Matlab software and use the improved bionic intelligence algorithm to solve this problem.1 The neighbor set, the moving probability and the update mode of the basic glowworm swarm optimization algorithm are improved, the 2-opt local search operator is introduced, and the GSO-CVRP algorithm is proposed to solve the low carbon CVRP model, experimental results show that the total cost is not only related to the distance, but also related to the vehicle's fuel consumption.2 Using the idea of max-min ant colony algorithm, the local search operator is introduced to improve the basic ant colony algorithm's heuristic factor, selection strategy and pheromone update strategy, the ACO-VRPTW algorithm is proposed to solve the low carbon VRPTW model, experimental results show that the minimum total cost is not corresponding to the minimum path length.Applying the improved intelligent algorithm in vehicle routing problem under the restriction of low carbon not only expand the application fields of intelligent algorithm, to get more scientific optimal solution of VRP, but also accelerate the pace of development of low carbon logistics, provide a reference for the enterprise's actual operation of the low carbon logistics distribution. |
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