Study On Teaching And Practice In Solving Applied Problems Based On Line Segment Diagram In First Learning Phase

In recent years,the reform of new curriculum standard is deepening and have made more requirement and higher standard for front-line teachers.It pointed out that,at very first learning phase(grade one to three in primary school)of math education,students should learn to analyze math question,find solutions and develop creativity by constantly studying math knowledge.Out of the lack of abstract thinking,students often find difficulties in solving applied problems related to number and algebra,such as cannot understand the situation in specific problem,hard to figure out the quantitative relation,lack of flexibility in understanding and solving questions.Thus,one of the main challenges face by front-line math teachers are how to guide students to analyze and solve applied problems.Based on those findings,this study proposes line segment to solve applied problems of number and algebra in teaching.First of all,in the light of cognitive development theory by Piaget,this study analyzes the development level and features of students in the first learning phase.Then,through observing the process of students solving applied problems by using line segment and interviewing front-line math teachers about their understanding,this study concludes the teaching efficiency of this method,analyze its reasons and try to raise some measures for existing problems.For instance,teachers need to make clear all problem types that line segment can apply to,specify the problem solving method,further study the teaching strategy,and adopting collective and individual teaching methods.And finally,by take “how much greater(less)than a certain number” and “how much greater(less)except for certain times” as two typical question types,teachers should apply them in teaching,check teaching efficiency and make improvements.It has been found that students at the first learning phase are able to understand the meaning of line segment and master the problem-solving method.Teachers witnessed outstanding teaching efficiency: students can not only solve simple questions,but some complex ones,students' scores are highly improved on application problem,class performance are positive,learning interests are evidently enhanced,interpersonal relationship become more harmonious.This study provides theory and practice basis for line segment in solving applied questions related to number andalgebra among students of first learning phase,proposes a teaching reference for math teacher.