The Research On History And Policy Of Upgrading Of Colleges And Universities In New China

The upgrading of colleges and universities is one of the ways of reforming the hierarchical structure of higher education.The "upgrade" this article refered to mainly includes secondary professional schools' and technical colleges' upgrade.In the world,upgrading is the trend of the development of higher education;in our country,upgrading is a way for higher education adapting to social change,especially economic transformation;in the view of schools,they want to gain more resources and chances through upgrading.Therefore,we need to analyze the motivations and mechanisms of this phenomenon profoundly,so that we may find out the law of higher education' development.One can not understand now or predict the future,if he doesn't understand the history.Firstly,the paper examines the phenomenon of five large-scale colleges and universities' upgrading in China.And then,it sums up the characteristics of the upgrading of colleges and universities,namely,frequent,drastic,legal and self-disciplined.According to the law of internal and external relations,the paper points out the three factors: the state and social factors,the demands of higher education institutions and the internal factors of higher education system.Through the investigation and analysis of history,the paper points out that the impact of upgrading is a "double-edged sword",which plays an important role in the improvement and adjustment of higher education structure.On the other hand,higher education is unstable because of lack of experience.On the basis of historical research and theoretical analysis,the paper puts forward relevant suggestions.Firstly,learn from the experience of history and study the legislation of the Republic of China.Secondly,learn from the experience of western developed countries to improve the quality of specialist education;Thirdly,establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism of higher education structure.The paper tries to construct three kinds of mechanisms of higher education's transformation: "upper and lower mechanism","left and right mechanism" and "exit mechanism".The foundation is to make the "personality" of the institution coincide with the quality.