The Content Construction And Practice Research Of Death Education Course For Students In Military Medical University

Objective: Because of the important role in establishing a scientific value on life and death,Death Education has been increasingly concerned by scholars in recent years.At present,Death Education in foreign countries has already formed a mature system,but limited by the Chinese traditional culture of death,Death Education teaching and practice activities are seriously lagging behind,and still in the theoretical stage of exploration in our country.How to learn from foreign mature education and training experience,to form the Death Education curriculum with Chinese characteristics is becoming important theoretical and practical significant.In our research,under the guidance of the scientific teaching mode theory,we constructs the content system of Death Education which fits for the development needs of medical students in military medical university,and investigate and analysis the effect of practice teaching,which aim to help medical students establish a scientific and correct concept of life and death,so as to better promote the curriculum construction of death education in our country.Methods: In this project,the research process was divided into analysis stage,design and development stage,implementation and evaluation stage,and combining the dual characteristics of qualitative and quantitative research to carryout investigation and analysis.The main research steps were as follows:1.The qualitative research of military medical university students' cognition and need for death education course.Used face to face semi-structured interview methods to investigate the military medical university students' cognitive and need for Death Education.Then according to the mature phenomenological analysis-Colaizzi analysis,to explore the key issues by analysis and extract the 31 collected audio transcription text.2.The Delphi study on the construction of the core curriculum content system of Death education.Based on previous research,we used the method of Delphi method to investigated the primary core system of the Death Education curriculum,and according to the experts' perspective evaluation to build the better scientific and feasible content system.In this study,we totally invited 25 experts to participate in,and carried out the two rounds of expert consulting.3.The assessment of the effect on death education course teaching practiceBased on the Delphi study for construction of death education curriculum,we improved the courses teaching content,innovated the teaching methods,and evaluated the teaching effect.we used experimental research and set up the experimental group and controlled group,to carry out the questionnaire before and after the class respectively,including general information,the life profile scale,the death attitude scale,self assessment on death education curriculum cognitive scale,satisfaction survey after class.Then we used the SPSS19.0 statistical software to analyze the results.Results:1.The death education cognition and demand situation of the military medical students.Through qualitative research,we found that medical students had a positive and negative attitude interweave in understanding death.Although they are clear that death is an inevitable natural law,but still had negative views to fear and escape from death.They lack of the correct guidance and training on the disposition of death events,and curiosity about Death Education,desired to increase knowledge and awareness of dying or death education,In addition,they want to increase the practicability of Death Education content which fit for their daily life and professional development needs in the way of more practical and experiential,which get rid of simple theoretical teaching at the same time.2.The Delphi results of death education curriculum core contentDuring two rounds of Delphi consulting,the experts enthusiasm were 100%,96% respectively;the overall authority coefficient were 0.825,0.832;the expert Kendall'w value was 0.327(P < 0.01)in the final round of expert correspondence.In addition,according to the certain into and exclusion criteria,and combining with the expert opinion and group discussions for each consulting,it discussed,analysis and revised the specific project indicators in the process of each expert enquiry round.Ultimately we established a scientific and high feasibility death education course content system,including 7 primary dimension indexes,for example the nature of death education,death view and cultural education,death ethics education,emotional education related to death and dying,death and dying emotional debugging skills training,suicide and violence behavior analysis,military activities related death education,and the 39 secondary dimension index fit for military medicine students.3.The assessment of death education course practice teaching effect(1)Life attitude change: After experimental,the score of Life Attitude profile was significantly higher than before class,the data were 130.79±11.21 and 140.06±17.43(P < 0.05),the scores of life plentiful,life purpose and the control dimension had obviously increased significantly;In addition,compared with the control group,which did not receive training,the experimental group on the purpose of life,life control and acceptance of suffering dimensions and the overall score had a statistically significant rise.(2)The death attitude change: The Death Attitude Scale score was obviously lower then class before,the data were 91.00±12.94 and 84.13±21.10(P < 0.05).and including the dimension's score like the fear of death,escaped from death were significantly lower than others in statistical research have;Besides,in the same period,compared to control group which was not received education course,the experimental group's score in the dimension of fear death,escape from death,fled to accept and total scores were lower then statistical reference significance.(3)Self-evaluation of death education cognitive changes: The experimental group's scores significantly higher than that before class survey data were 121.38±26.51 and 147.89±16.42(P < 0.05).At the same time,the experimental group also scored significantly higher than the control group.Within the group or between groups,expert the dimension of suicide,violence behavior analysis,and the death education related to military activities,which although higher than the control group,but had no statistical significance,the rest dimension all have obvious statistical comparison value in the comparison.(4)Satisfaction evaluation after class:A lot of students have highly recognition and praise for Death Education curriculum.Conclusion:1.To carry out Death Education course for military medical students is of great significance,and should focus on the actual characteristics of military schools and flexible application of the combination to promote teaching exploration.2.The research and analysis of the teaching content system of the Death Education course studied by Delphi study found that its scientific and reliability is strong,consistency is well,which can better meet the actual needs of military medical students,and effectively guide teaching and practice.3.Death Education course can significantly improve the attitude of life of medical students,help to promote students' attitude to death to a positive direction,and can effectively improve the medical students' cognition and understanding on the death and dying.