Effects Of Long-Term And Specialized Sports Training On Cortical Plasticity

Purpose: The study of sports skills,like musical instruments,dance,juggling,etc.,is a continuous process of development,the need for long training and rich experience.Among them,the specialization and intensity of training are particularly important.Different sports have different sports characteristics,training methods,the specific muscles involved,training strategies will have their own characteristics.In addition to the different characteristics of motor skills,the difference in skill level will also make the athletes have a special change.Transcranial magnetic stimulation studies have shown that the primary motor cortex receives excitement and suppression of multiple motor-related brain networks.Long-term training facilitates motor cortex excitability by causing brain layer changes.Studies have focused on the differences in cortical or brain regions after long-term training,but the potential mechanism for differences in the excitability of the corticospinal tracts in different limb positions is not clear for differences between different sports and levels.At the brain level to study and analyze the characteristics of the project,not only can help athletes and coaches more accurate understanding of the project training strategies,the right medicine,to find the most suitable training methods for athletes,but also for the coach in the future selection of athletes and training results Evaluation provides important objective indicators.Methods: In this study,the use of badminton and table tennis as an example,compared with the two people and the general side of the radial extensor carpi and the first intertrochanteric dorsal muscle corresponding to the primary motor cortex in different intensity after the stimulation of transcranial magnetic stimulation The trend of motor evoked potentials.(15%-150% 1mV stimulation intensity)and double pulse magnetic stimulation under the stimulation of single pulse magnetic stimulation were studied.The results showed that the motion potentials of the table tennis players,badminton players and ordinary college students(novice)(70%-90% of the motion thresholds at 2 ms intervals and 1 mV for the test stimulus),and the kinetic cortical excitability was analyzed based on the potential relationship between the two and the relationship with the training years of the athletes The change.Results:(1)The motor evoked potentials of the athletes were significantly higher than those of the novice in the slope of the input-output curve and the short-term cortex;(2)The first lateral dorsal muscle of the table tennis and the radial wrist(3)the athletes themselves have a good self-steady-state balance,this balance is mainly manifested in the active muscle of the athletes and the suppression of the main parameters of the athletes,the performance of the muscle is significantly higher than the other subjects of the same indicators,(4)The two electrophysiological indicators of the athletes were significantly correlated with the number of years of personal training,which were not reflected in the non-active muscles of the novice or athletes,indicating the results of the long-term training.Conclusion:(1)Long-term and systematic exercise training can increase the excitability of the spinal cord of the cerebral cortex and improve the level of cortical recruitment.This change will increase with the increase in external stimuli.The excitatory and recruiting effects of the cerebral cortex mean the reorganization of the motor cortex and the strengthening of the synaptic connections,thereby further promoting the learning and control of motor skills.(2)high level of motor skills in promoting cortical spinal cord excitement at the same time,but also according to the characteristics of different projects show different excitement differences.This difference is related to the specific sports characteristics of the particular exercise,the main reason may be that different subjects used in the active muscle and its related joint anatomical characteristics are different.(3)The steady-state equilibrium between the cortical facilitation and the ability to suppress high-level motor skills is the main reason for determining the high level of athletes,and this balance also has the skill characteristics of different projects.The adjustable excitability balance reflects the stability of the athlete’s athletic output and is the main indicator of the distinction between movement disorders and movement disorders.