A Research On The Implementation Deviation Of Performance-related Pay Policy In Compulsory Education

Educational quality becomes increasingly important in most countries since the end of the 20th century,under this circumstance,teacher quality is the main focus for the governments.With the extention of educational accountability,the public pays attention to the financial irnput and output efficiency of educational area.The performance-related pay in school appears in this international background.The policy of performance-related pay for the compulsory education started from 2009 in our country,changing the traditional pay system of teachers'.Since this policy implemented,the pessimistic feelings of target group,along with the problem of implementing activity and the ambiguous effects impede the policy to go further,finally limit the development of education.Therefore,studying the deviation of performance-related pay policy from the perspective of policy implementation,and offering correction strategies under the guide of governance theory become important issues for the improvement of this policy.On the basis of the current achievement about the policy implementation theory from nation and abroad,this research designs an integrative framework to study the implementation of the performance-related pay policy,qualitative and quantitative methods were combined to explore the research question.Firstly,this study divided the policy implementation into implementation activity and implementation result.Then,researcher analyzed the content and discourse of this policy by using Nvivo 11.0 to code the documents.From the perspective of top-down,this study analyzed the activity deviation of the hierarchical and cross-sectoral governments on the meso-level.Researcher collected qualitative data by means of interview and open-ended questionnaire.Then,the data was coded and the implementation activity deviation on the micro-level was discussed.Finally,after clarifying the policy objectives,quantitative data was collected by questionnaire.Stata 14.0 was used to verify the implementation results and influence factors by means of descriptive statistics,variance analysis,factor analysis and regression analysis.The results of this study shown as follows:1.There're implementation deviations on the meso-level.The first deviation is"copy",the subordinate governments drew up the local documents without investigating the local economic and educational reality,most of the provinces copied the central policy.The second deviation is that the governments "escape" financial responsibility,which means the fund guarantee system for the performance-related pay policy has not been set yet,the policy has low political and economical motivation,the local governments has the potential tendency to invest the other social arenas.The third one is the "isolation" situation,as the performance-related pay policy is a policy with multiattributes.The policy implementation has not well integrated the interests of personnel,financial and educational sectors,the reform lacks of the cooperation from governments,schools and other social sectors.2.There're implementation deviations on the micro field.Firstly,the teachers,salary has not linked the civil servant system completely due to the obscure of the policy and the game playing among sections,the performance-related pay policy carried out incompletely.Secondly,schools simplified the evaluation and distribution procedures,the rights of teacher participation have not guaranteed,the work lacked of democracy and the evaluation standards went against the policy,which means there occurring"replacement" during policy implementation.Thirdly,the policy was "symbolic"implemented.The programme has little motivation to teachers as the schools decreased the gap between teachers since the complexity of policy targets,school organization and low motivation of the policy itself.3.The results of the policy implementation are not ideal.On the one hand,the positive effects of the policy targets were not extensively accepted,which only produced "weak motivation".The results turn out that male teachers have low positive perception,while the middle age teachers have the lowest positive perception of professional ability improvement,teacher motivation etc.,which means school should pay attention to these groups.On the other hand,the results show a perfect,rational school programs on performance-related pay had positive effects on teacher motivation,community development,the moral and professional ability of teachers'.What's more,collaborate culture of schools has significant effects on improving policy implementation while the outer resources have positive to community development and teacher professional development.This research does not find evidence on open and fair procedure had positive effects on teacher and school.The results above indicate that the integration system among actors has not formulated which lacks of acknowledge,communication and cooperation,while the relating policies of expenditures and evaluation systems are not wholesome which lack of quantity,quality and structure.Under the modernization of national governance system,comprehensive measures should be taken to improve performance-related pay policy.Firstly,the responsibilities of the central and local governments should be clear,leading groups should be set among governments to promote "good government" from upper level.Secondly,the participation of the public should be expanded to formulate a share governance pattern,and foster value consensus on performance accountability.Thirdly,the sanctity of the law should be guarded to increase teachers' salary,the ability of overall planning by the provincial government should be enhanced and the coordination mechanism with supporting policies should be established and improved.