Urban Elderly Women Community Care Research

Since the 21 st century in China, the rapid economic development, social progress, along with the industrialization degree and the implementation of the one-child policy, an aging population is becoming more and more serious. In older people, especially in the urban elderly, gender differences. Affected by historical and social factors, relative to men, the urban elderly women's cultural level is low, the employment rate is low, when young adults from the Labour market age earlier than men, income less than men; Due to the average life expectancy for women than men generally, in the same age group of men and women, the more to the older, the higher the percentage of women. Due to physiological factors at the same time, their children, after the death of a spouse to remarry rate is low, and therefore more widowhood. As a result, they belong to the dual social vulnerable groups, at a disadvantage, special attention should be paid.For a long time, the family is the body of the pension liability, but in the fast pace of urban, family care function gradually weakening, children to juggle career and the old man. At the same time, institutional pension not spreading, on the one hand, because the old man change not deep-rooted traditional family endowment concept, on the other hand because pension agency limited and expensive it may be said "one bed is hard to find, can't solve the huge demand of endowment. Originated in the 1950 s, therefore, the UK and the world wide application mode of community care, can be a solution to the feasible mode of endowment demand, combined with the neighborhood watch in Chinese traditional culture and the native endowment also provides the model to adapt to the soil.This topic from the perspective of social work, in combination with maslow's hierarchy of needs, social support network theory and related theory, use the experience of the care of formal and informal community care model to take care of the two ways of using social work acceptance, self-determination, respect, listening practice skills, through one of the three methods of social work case work for intervention, trying to help alleviate urban elderly women to improve the current difficulties faced by, gradually into the normal life orbit. The author concretely in guiyang city X community, for example, describes the urban elderly women's economic support, life care and spiritual comfort support and other basic situation, then analysis the special demand. Social work in the service object and community resources in the role of a bridge, to help the service object integration of community resources, get targeted community care. The author through a complete case intervention of social work service, and reflections on community care, and put forward the corresponding improvement measures and suggestions, hoping to relieve urban elderly women, development of professional social work and community care aspects to provide some reference.