Study On The Reform Of Primary School Mathematics Textbooks

In order to make the 21st century's reform of primary school mathmatics textbook develop deeply,with the thought of "comprehending ancient and suggesting today",it is very necessary to study the reform case of the primary school mathematics textbooks in China in the 20th century.In the 1980s Experiment Textbooks was written for discussing about how to reform the nine-year compulsory education primary school mathmatics textbook,so that it can adapt to the needs o socialist modernization construction better.It's charge by Cao Fei-yu,who reform the textbook through using the principle of pedagogy and psychology.The set of textbooks base the logic of mathematical knowledge and the age characteristic of children,laid a good foundation for the compiling o compulsory education in elementary teaching materials.Therefore,studying for it's reform not only can get experience and enlightenment which provides reference for the study about adding psychology to primary school textbooks reform,but also provides idea for the reform of diversified teaching materials.This article is divided into four parts:The first part explains the research's background,problem,and meaning,as well as method and process of the research,it also focus on making a definition of the core con-cepts and summa rizing the literature.Based on the text,it adopts analysis method and comparative method as the research methods.The second part is the overall research on the Experiment Textooks,including the rationale of compiling,the structures and characteristics of style.According to the study,the actual basis of the content selection of the Experiment Textbooks is a survey about the need of the basic mathematics knowledge and skills of economic and social development,and it takes the theories of pedagogy and psychology and the age characteristics of children as the theoretical basis of textbook content arrangement,the teaching experimental study as empirical basis of textbook reform,and the characteristics of mathematics as subject basis;the style structure is simple,practical and distinguishing in age level;Have the Characteristics of compilation principle with the penetration of pedagogy and psychology theories,the arrangement of spiraling and reflecting the teaching method and the teaching content is condense traditional arithmetic,increase algebra geometry and permeate mathematical thought and methods.The third part is the research on the reform of contents of the Experiment Textbooks,which is the core part of the text.According to the order of "number and algebra","space and figure","Probability and statistics","Practice and synthesis application",by comparing with the Five-years Textbooks and the Experiment Textbooks to reform the contents of the Experiment Textbooks from the content selection,content arrangement and the angle of content presentation Study showed that:1.As for the content selection in the field of "number and algebra",the "number and caculation"trend to be extensive and easy,streamlined a large number of the measurement uinit of the municipal system about the"amount of measuring",increase the difficulty of the content of"preliminary knowledge of abgebraic".As for the arrangement,the book refines the helical structure of "number and caculation",preoses the arrangement of "amount of measuring",uses the means of matting early and scattered arrange,adjust the key and difficult points and sequentialof"preliminary knowledge of abgebraic".As for the presentation,the book riches the setting of column,sets a lot of hands-on practice and operation activitives,uses full of variety of presentation form,which make the content more heuristic and the layout more vivid.2.As for the content selection in the field of "space and graph",expanded it's range and depth of the selected content properly;As for the arrangement,the book arranges the graph in the order from intuive,simple to abstract,complex,spiraling,intersecting of planar objects.As for the presentation,the book has more illustrations,at the same time,it includes many activities to make learning illustrations,which reflects the idea of learning by doing.3.As for the content selection of "statistics and probability",the book adds the content of the data collected,which perfected system to the statistical beginning knowledge.As for the arrangement,the book is organized by the means of being put in the front,dispersing and spiraling.As for the presentation,it starts the adhibition of data situation map,designs the transition process from semi-independent to illustrated on the whole.4.As for the world-problems in the field of "practice and comprehensive application",the editor arrange them by the means of combining dispersal with concentration,besides,the editor use the way of matting in advance and going forward gradually.As for the presentation,the editor use the relationship between the word-problems to cite word-problems and the explanation of graphs to analyze the word-problems' quantitative relation.in addiction,the book allows children analyze and understand the quantitative relation in the performance.The forth part of the book contains the enlightenment of study acts on the primary school textbook reform:The study of pedagogy and the experiments of psychology are the inseparable writing basis;The content must suit for the need of the development of this age and the students'receptivity;Spiraling is the best way to arrange the content;The rules of studying psychology must be followed when the content is presented.The editors should know more subjects and have the ability using multi-subjects.