Research On Human Rights Ideology In Marx's Civil Society Theory

The basic national conditions in the primary stage of socialism determines that China is still in the stage of “dependency of things” and the commodity economy is still the basic economic form.The establishment of a socialist market economic system in China is to enable economic entities to exchange value between exchanges,which must abide by the human rights principles of freedom and equality.However,the market economy,after all,is based on the private exchange of labor.It objectively causes problems such as the tension between capital and labor,and the intensified polarization of wealth distribution in the economic and social fields.Faced with these contradictions and conflicts,the study on the human rights ideology in Marx's civil society theory is an important topic in the theoretical and practical significance of building a socialist harmonious society.First,the paper focuses on analyzing the origin and basic content of Marx's civil society theory.Throughout the classic works of Marxism,it can be seen that the analysis of issues such as production,division of labor,currency,employees,and citizens in Ancient Greece's Plato and Aristotle's theory of city-state were inspired by Marx's exploration of civil society issues.During the period of the Enlightenment,the classical political economics of Britain and France explored issues such as labor,wealth,division of labor,currency,value,wages,rent,and profits,which enabled Marx to put forward his own theory of labor value and surplus value on the basis of drawing on their labor theory of value.The Hegelian theory of civil society in German classical philosophy provides a wealth of ideological materials for Marx based on the reality of the material production,in order to explore the production and internal regulations of the bourgeois civil society.On this basis,Marx discussed the basic rules of production,ownership,division of labor,and exchange of civil society,and the human rights principles of freedom and equality embodied in it.Second,while conducting a general analysis of Marx's civil society theory,it is pointed out that simple commodity exchange is a general embodiment of civil society.In the exchange of simple goods,following the “trinity” principle of individual ownership,freedom,and equality.Thirdly,while conducting a specially analysis of Marx's civil society theory,it is pointed out that the exchange of capital and labor is the special part of the civil society.In the exchange of capital and labor,labor and ownership are separated,and capital occupies the surplus value that created by wage labor for free.Finally,it discusses the methodology and significance of human rights theory in Marx's civil society.In terms of its methodology,on the one hand,Marx insists on the scientific method of rising from abstract to concrete.On the basis of a general analysis of civil society and human rights principals,it concretely exploring the specificity of the exchange of capital and labor in the bourgeois civil society,and the exchange of inequality and unfairness between capital and labor contained in this particularity.On the other hand,Marx insisted on the analytical method of historism,thereby subverting the bourgeois enlightenment thinkers' arguments about the natural and eternity of civil society and human rights.It based on a sharp critique of the particularity of bourgeois civil society and the human rights issues that entailed in the production of capitalism.In terms of its significance,on the one hand,the human rights ideology in Marx's civil society is an important guide for people to understand the true features of "universal values".On the other hand,it is of great practical significance for people to correctly grasp the social contradictions that emerged during the process of reform and opening up in China and propose ways to effectively resolve contradictions.