Study On Risk Management Of Flood Disaster In Henan Province

Flood disaster is one kind of natural disaster which is more frequent and serious in the world.It is more and more serious to human society and environment.This thesis takes Henan Province as study area.Using data source contained meteorological observation data,socioeconomic statistic data and basic geographic information;and correlation statistical analysis mathematical methods and geographic information system technology and building the index system of flood disaster and evaluation model,temporal and spatial distribution of Henan Province's extreme precipitation events in recent 54 years are analysed,and flood disaster risk rank of county scale in Henan Province is also evaluated.Finally,from the perspective of risk management,we discusse the risk management measures of flood disaster in Henan province.The main conclusions of this thesis are included the following aspects:(1)Average temperature in Henan Province nearly 54 years displayed a increasing trend obviously at the rate of 0.17?/ 10 a.while total annual precipitation ratio a decreasing trend at the rate of-6.72mm/10a;On the interannual variability,the ratio of extreme precipitation in Henan Province in recent 54 years shows a rising trend,while annual heavy rain days and the maximum three days of precipitation shows a slight downward trend.The results show that extreme precipitation has a great impact on Precipitation in the area.In the spatial distribution,heavy rain days in northern Henan province is generally higher than the southern,maximum three daily precipitation in western renders less than eastern,extreme precipitation percentage in northeast is higher than that of the southwest.(2)Flood disaster of Henan province increases gradually from north to south.In the spatial pattern,social vulnerability to natural disasters is roughly higher in a belt from northeast to southwest,and lower on both sides of the belt.In addition,most of the central city areas of social vulnerability is lower than the county(city)social vulnerability,which has a great relationship with the investment in the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation.Flood disaster risk level of the east area of the "Beijing to Guangzhou Railway " is significantly higher than that west of it.The most highest disaster risk index of the Henan province mainly distributes in XiXian?ShangShui Country?HuaiYang Country?RuNan Country?XinCai Country.(3)Based on the assessment on risk of flood disaster,this thesis summarizes the characteristics of the risk of flood disaster in Henan Province,and concludes that climate change leads to the increase of extreme precipitation events,which increases the risk of flood disaster.Owing to the development of economic and urbanization,vulnerability and risk of the flood disaster will further increase.This thesis hereby puts forward the specific flood disaster risk management measures by considering following several aspects together.There are enhancing measures of structural and non-structural for disaster,evading flood disaster,strengthening disaster risk resisting ability,and improving the flood disaster emergency plan,formulating flood disaster insurance system etc.The results can improve the defense capability of flood disaster risk in Henan Province,and provide scientific basis for reducing the social and economic losses.