How To Integrate The Society With Differences

John Rawls(1921-2002),one of the most distinguished political philosophers of the twentieth century,devoted hiswhole life to the study of justice.Based on the analysis of philosophy tradition,Rawls’ s elaborate theory of justice not only caused a change in the subject of political philosophy,but also brought about the revival of political philosophy in the twentieth century.When his "theory of justice" encountered Berlin’s multiple value theory,Rawls came to political liberalism.The relationship between fact and valueplagued philosophers since David Hume.Unlike the positivism philosophers who argued that fact and value belonged to two relatively independent domains,Rawls sought to blur the distinction between fact and value and to find a way out for virtue under modern conditions.The modern man conceives himself as the authoritative ruler of personal morality,so that he loses the discernment of virtue in theory and practice,and lacks the objective criterion of judging good and evil.Human society produces the authority crisis.Rawls devoted his whole life to looking for the possible way out of this crisis for human beings,and his book,political liberalism,is facing the problem.He put forward the concept of overlapping consensus in it,so that people can see the dawn of the crisis.In the context of modern pluralistic pluralism,how to build a just society and maintain its stability?The answer is that the concept of "overlapping consensus" put forward by Rawls.Rawls argues that human society needs "overlapping consensus",because the concept of "overlapping consensus" is an independent political justice Concept that citizens with different rationalities of completeness come to an agreement from their own theory of completeness.American society under the influence of liberalism have forced Rawls to reflect on his book Justice.Under constant reflection,Rawls recognized the inner dilemma of justice,that is,unrealistic order of good society and general facts of modern democratic society.On the basis of summing up theory and criticism,Rawls designed the concept of "overlapping consensus" in Political Liberalism.He confines the concept of "overlapping consensus" under the framework of political constructivism,and explains the connotation of "overlapping consensus",the possible misunderstanding and its steps in detail.Any theory has its own value,but also has its defects.Similarly,Rawls’ s concept of "overlapping consensus" has attracted people’s praise,but also led to criticism.In the process of criticism and reflection,we see the contemporary significance of the concept of "overlapping consensus".Although the concept of overlapping consensus caused a lot of controversy,but it has not been refuted.When some political philosophers claim that history end in the liberalism,we see the value of the concept of "overlapping consensus",which is the important embodiment of Rawls’ s moderate liberalism.The concept of "overlapping consensus" is of great significance to regain the tradition of virtue for the rational and pluralistic modern society.Besides that,it helps resolve the clash of civilizations,reconstruct the world order and realize social integration and stability.