Astudy On Chinese Secret Society Of Singapore In 19 Century

As folk organization,Singapore’s Secret Society have a wide affection in 19 th century.It had developed rapidly and took part in “pigs-trading”,gambling,drug using and other fields since it appeared.These areas provide abundant of material wealth for secret society and colonial government can develops and manages Singapore by it.In the "harmony" process of secret society with the colonial government,secret society’s nature changes slowly and harm to the society continuously emerging,so the colonial government gradually shrink its living space until the ban.This article altogether arrange the following to discuss the above problems.The first chapter analysis the reasons for its continuous prosperity on the basis of the narrative secret society.Since found in 1824,it have obtained rapid development with its own social appeal and colonial government policy on freedom of driving force.A policy of hostility nationals by Chinese government adopted in the early 19 thcentury and a policy of woo policy in the 19 th century late also promot its development.The second chapter discusses the secret party’s internal structure.Secret society’s people have two levels of differentiation: the lower and higher level of it derived from the lower and higher group of Chinese community,it is conformity with Chinese social structure.To implement effective management,secret society stress member unity,and advocate "equality".The implementation of these principles is closely related to its long-term prosperity.The third chapter expounds that secret society how to intervene "pigs-trading" and reimbursement of the system and other economic activities for the survival capital.Secret society makes huge profits by "pigs-trading" 、 gambling,opium and brothels industry’s extensive intervention.The fourth chapter analyses the secret society’s social influence.On one hand,secret society can provide job for Chinese people and resolve disputesso that it is an effective tool for the colonial government in social management.On the other hand,a series of duels serious by secret society damage the social order,harming people’ life and property safety.By Controling the system of reimbursement,secret society make gambling,drugs abusing and prostitution intensified and social conduct corrupted.The fifth chapter discusses secret society’s identity changing.Its identity changes over the colonial government’s attitude toward it.Colonial government admits it in the initial stage and ban it in the late stage.Before or after the 1889 crackdown,it’s personnel identity appeared different trends: leaders continue to be used by the authorities,regular members be dissolved to form a friendly community.Conclusion part points out following something.First,secret society is the epitome of the Chinese society of Singapore.Second,to a certain extent,the colonial government’s attitude changes to secret society reflects that the British colony government management policy has experienced from evolution of the laissez-faire to orderly management process.Thirdly,secret society eventually banned is closely related to it evolved into the underworld.