A Study On Comparison Of Chiniese-english Gategory Structure's Asymmetry

Lexical knowledge is a system,and the second language acquisition of lexical knowledge is the overall cognition of this system.In the process of development,they show their plenty and complexity in semantic through usage.Applying for the Categorization Theory of Cognitive Linguistic,based on the statistics and analysis of Chinese and English corpora,this study tries to reconstruct the semantic category structure of “Kai” and “open”,and then comparatively analysis these two category structures.This study also will focus on the L2 acquisition of Chinese “Kai”.The Chinese corpora in this study is mainly based on Modern Chinese Corpus System for Native Chinese Speakers,the Chinese Inter-language Corpus for Foreign Leaners & HSK Dynamic and Circulating Chinese Corpus for Foreign Leaners,all of the corpora are developed by Beijing Language and Culture University.The English corpora are mainly based on Collins and Oxford Advanced Leaner's English-Chinese Dictionary.Based on the statistics and analysis of Chinese-English corpora,according to the Categorization Theory of Cognitive Linguistic,and drawing on the research results,the study tries to reconstruct the semantic category structure of “Kai” and “open”,and then comparatively analysis these two category structures.This study also will focus on the L2 acquisition of Chinese “Kai”.The conclusions of our study:“Kai” and “open” to the prototype as the central category to the radial and chain of the way extended to the other semantic categories.The semantic categories of the two are similar,and the categories with the highest frequency are the same,but the small differences in the semantic category are quite different,and there are also big differences in the frequency of use.In the process of extension,Chinese "Kai" extended to the psychological category,but "open" in the use of the same combination did not lead to the psychological category.In the use of the central category,"Kai" the scope of application is wide in the "open" in the use of English.The terms used in the expression are not exactly the same.Chinese is based on morpheme as the basic unit of language,and English is based on the word as the basic unit of language.There is no correspondence between the two words in the use of words and collocations.In English only contain the case,the same meaning sometimes corresponds to the Chinese "Kai" alone,sometimes both can be " Kai " alone,but also can be used in conjunction with "Kai" combination,sometimes only " Kai " combination.The factors that affect learners 'acquisition of Chinese " Kai " are: similarity degree of " Kai " and "open" semantic categories,learners' Chinese proficiency,semantic category use frequency in target language and negative transfer of mother tongue knowledge.