A Study Of The Characterization In Frankenstein From The Perspective Of Freud's Psychoanalysis

Frankenstein,which is created by British writer Mary Shelley,is a well-known fiction in literary history.Its significant influence beyond literature can also not be ignored.In 1818,when the novel was first published,it achieved success.Mary walked out of the negative shadow of her own family and marriage and became an important figure in literary history on her own.The word “Frankenstein” has been recorded in English vocabulary,which means a man who destroys his own creator.The novel is a story of an adult who is addicted to natural science and how he and “the being” created by him mutually walked toward destruction.The unique character relation between Frankenstein and “the being”,the twisted characteristics,weird behaviors,complicated psychological changes and author's creation purpose,all of these provided workable space for interpreting the personality and destiny of characters in the book from the perspective of psychology.The spiritual analysis created by psychologist Sigmund Freud is composed by systematic psychological theory,mental disease therapy and personality structure theory.Among them,the personality structure theory is widely applied in literature work analysis.Freud thinks personality is composed by id,ego and superego.Through analyzing characters from the perspective of Freud's psychoanalysis,we can see characters' id,ego and superego interact with each other.Id,ego and superego represents different psychological component of people,they interact and restrain and negotiate with each other.Ego is between id and superego,and must be there for adjusting inner impulse and outer pressure.Therefore,ego often traps in the dilemma of satisfying id desire and abiding by the moral rules.Using Freud ' s psychoanalysis theory,this paper analyzes main characters in Frankenstein,and reveals relation between personality structure and character tragic destiny.This paper also interprets Mary Shelley's success in conducting vivid images of Frankenstein and “the being” under the guidance of Freud's psychoanalysis theory.This paper illustrates the function of Freud ' s spiritual analytic theories in the field of literature work creation,and explores relevance between novels and psychology,and thus explains why people love horrible novels: horrible novels can make people relax in spirits.Horrible novel itself is a kind of psychological manifestation of humans.