Research And Acquisition Of The Sentence Frame For Single Verb

Syntactic knowledge of vocabulary is very important in the language. As the core in the vocabulary, the syntactic knowledge of verb has been always the focus of research in the syntax. Starting from the research of grammatical structure in structural linguistics, the syntactic research of verb developed many syntactic knowledge systems, such as frame semantics, construction grammar and so on. Though predecessors did researches in many aspects from verb sentence, sentence types and sentence semantic expression characteristics, the center of the researches almost focused on the sentence type itself or on the semantic and syntactic relations. Based on statistical analysis of corpus, this study proposes a verb core syntactic system. We set verb as core of the system and build up a complete sentence frame framework of verb, combining with the syntax semantics and structure, in which we can provide various aspects of information of how the native speaker use sentences.Based on the above, we can observe and analyze the richness and concentration of verbs sentence frame using. Meanwhile, we can also compare the data between native and learners based on the inter-language corpus and observe how the learners acquire the syntactic knowledge of vocabulary We study 40 verbs of different species and word frequency as the sample for native and 16 out of the 40 as the sample for learners based on two corpuses. ’Modern Chinese Sense Item Corpus’ and ’ Students Inter-language Corpus’. The main conclusions are as below: 1) The sentence frame distribution changes a lot according to different verbs in the aspects of sentence frame of richness and concentration, advantages of sentence frame, syntax ingredient and so on. 2) There are differences in sentence frame distribution of verbs near righteousness, which can help us distinguish the verbs. 3) There are differences in sentence frame distribution of verbs in different categories, which can help us distinguish and describe the verbs in different categories. 4) The acquisition similarity of verb sentence frame between native speakers and learners can act as a reflection of acquisition development. And the acquisition similarity is positively correlated with the concentration of the sentence frame. The concentration the higher the verb, learners use the month close to native speakers. 5) The acquisition status of verb sentence frame does not increase by the studying years. It appears intermediate low point in the second year of the study, which present an inverted ’U’ type in the acquisition model.Based on the above conclusions, we preliminarily established a verb sentence frame of knowledge, and carried on the statistical analysis and conclusions from different angles on the usage of verbs sentence frame. It can provide preliminary frame to build verbs syntactic knowledge database and data which supports in Chinese teaching, and guide teaching materials writing. At the same time, the conclusions of acquisition can lead us to teach the students in the appropriate period on the sentence frame. Guided by the statistics, we can make certain contribution to increase efficiency of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.