Difference Of Visual Attentional Guidance From Visual And Verbal Working Memory Representations

The visual system is the most important sensory system of human beings,people in the daily life through the visual system every day to accept a lot of stimulation.However,the visual system is a limited information processing system,the visual system to accept a large number of stimuli only a limited part can be further processed.Visual attention plays an important role in this process,on the one hand from the visual scene to select the information related to the current task to do further processing,on the other hand inhibit the current task-independent interference stimulus to ensure that limited processing resources are not Interference stimulus.There are two types of visual guidance: one is the bottom-up stimulus-driven approach,such as highlighting the pop-out stimulation in the visual scene of the automatic capture;the other is the top-down goal-oriented approach,for example the attentional guidance effect from working memory representation.On the guidance of visual attention from working memory representation,in recent years has been extensive research,get a lot of results.Whether the representation of working memory as visual representation or verbal representation,under certain conditions can show the guiding effect.The guiding effect of verbal working memory on visual attention is more common in daily life,and the research of its mechanism is more valuable.The guidance process for visual attention from working memory representation includes early automated guidance process and late controlled process.In the past,the study of the guiding effect of verbal working memory is mainly explored in the study of whether verbal representation can guide visual attention and get inconsistent results,and did not find the reasons for the absence of guiding effect.This study will focus on how the guidance effect is disturbed by cognitive control factors under the condition of verbal working memoryrepresentation,what is the characteristic of the guidance process of verbal working memory representation and the condition of visual work memory representation.In the study of guidance effect of visual attention from visual working memory representation,the intervention of cognitive control factor is usually controlled by controlling the SOA and task difficulty presented by working memory task.The longer the SOA,the longer the task is done,the easier it is for the subject to use a certain strategy to complete the task,the more likely to lead to the involvement of cognitive control.In the follow-up experiments,these factors will be used to explore the guiding effect of verbal working memory representation on visual attention,as well as differences in the guiding effects of verbal and visual working memory.In this study,four experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of cognitive control on attentional guidance from verbal working memory representation and the guiding effects of visual and verbal working memory representation on visual attention.Experiment 1 used the task paradigm of Dombrowe et al.(2010)to complete the visual search task in the working memory task retention phase,and discusses the time course of attentional guidance from verbal working memory representation.The results show that when the SOA is 300 ms and 1000 ms verbal working memory representation can guide visual attention,and in 3500 ms SOA the guiding effect disappeared.Experiment 2 used the dual-task paradigm to complete the attentional detection task in the working memory task retention phase,and adds the effective condition of matching the target item on the basis of the invalid condition of matching the distractor item and the neutral condition,and then discusses the effect by reducing the influence of cognitive control in 3500 ms SOA,it can be seen that the attentional guidance from verbal working memory representation is observed under the invalid condition,and the attentional guidance is not observed under the effective condition.In experiment 3,it was to investigate whether the guidance effect was due to the influence of cognitive control caused by SOA.It was found that the guidance effect of verbal working memory representation was not observed under the condition that was effective at 300 ms SOA.In experiment 4,it was found that the guidanceeffect was not affected by the type of working memory in the effective condition.It was found that the guidance effect was exhibited under the effective condition of visual working memory characterization.This study draws the following conclusions:(1)Verbal working memory representation can guide visual attention.This guiding effect disappears under the influence of cognitive control.The guiding effect of verbal working memory representation is more likely to be influenced by cognitive control than visual working memory representation.(2)In the early stage of attentional guidance process,visual working memory representation is more powerful in guiding visual attention than verbal working memory representation.