A Study On The Perfective Verb In The Medieval Buddhist Texts

In the history of Chinese grammar study,the source of the modern Chinese aspect marker,and its development and evolution mechanism has always been the focus of academic circles.With the depth study of the aspectual system in recent years,many scholars have put adverbs,modal particles,and perfective verbs into the body of the research scope.The perfective adverb,perfective modal particle is completed by the end of verb grammaticalization,so in order to accurately grasp the source of modern Chinese perfective marker,we should make clear the use of the perfective verb in medieval times.The Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures preserved a large number of oral composition,so this paper takes medieval Buddhist texts as the research corpus.In language contact angle,we give a exhaustive statistics on the environment which the perfective verb "Bi" "Jing" "Qi "Yi" appear.We give a interpretation of the sentence form by using the situation type theory,the theory of grammaticalization and other modern linguistic theories.This paper focuses on the core issues such as the use frequency of the perfective verb "Bi" "Jing" "Qi" "Yi" in the medieval Buddhist texts,their grammatical function and nature,development and evolution mechanism,and finally draws the following conclusion:First of all,in terms of use frequency,from the synchronic point of view,"Yi" is the absolute frequency advantage,followed by the "Bi","Jing" and "Qi" are in a low frequency;from the diachronic perspective,the use frequency of "Yi" is increasing from the Eastern Han Dynasty,Wei and Jin Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties."Bi" Jing"and "Qi" is gradually reduced,and in the Sui and Tang Dynasties,they almost quit the stage of history.Secondly,in the grammatical function and nature,the perfective verb in the medieval Buddhist texts,in addition to the "Bi" is only the verb grammatical function,"Jing" "Qi" "Yi" developed from the predicate verb to phase complement.And although they are in the structure of "V+Bi/Jing/Qi/Yi",but they are at different stages in the process of grammaticalization,"Yi" is the highest degree of grammaticalization,"Jing" and "Qi" are in the progress of grammaticalization,"Bi" is the lowest degree of grammaticalization.From the development and evolution of the situation of the perfective verb "Bi""Jing" "Qi" "Yi" in the medieval Buddhist texts,in the aspect of the evolution motivation,we conclude that although contact between different languages of Chinese developent played an important role,but it is also a secondary power,plays a leading role in the development is Chinese system itself.In the aspect of evolution mechanism,reanalysis and analogy are the evolution mechanism.In addition,we also compare and analyze the different versions of the same translation,and find that the difference in the frequency of the verb use frequency is also related to the translator's mother tongue and the style of translation.