The Research Of Farmers' Education In Hunan In The Early Stage Of The People's Republic Of China(1949-1956)

The founding of People's Republic of China(1949-1956)is an important period of the China's history,China entered from the new democratic society to socialist society in the critical period of transition,and the problems of farmer education has become a key national construction.Communist Party of China and the new people's political power faced so many problems,for example,how to educate farmers and change the fate of their illiteracy,and then change the rural social atmosphere.In the end,farmer education could promote economic development in rural areas and the consolidation of political power.The vast rural areas of Hunan Province was faced with many difficulties.These difficulties included The dilapidated rural economy,the backward farmer's idea and the unstable form of political organization and so on.The authorities in Hunan started to carry out the education of peasants work on the basis of the policies of the central government and the basic situation of Hunan local conditions.To this end,the Hunan authorities actively organized the construction of management mechanism,mobilized the masses of farmers,trained many teachers of farmers education,compiled special materials of farmers education.Meanwhile the education of peasants got the support of the government,this is the premise of all.During this period from 1949 to the end of 1956,the process about farmer education in Hunan includes the recovery period of national economy(1949-1952)and the period of socialist transformation(1953-1956)two main stages of development.In this time,the area of Hunan province was founded some schools and non-governmental organizations,such as Winter school,peasant spare-time school and other forms of local literacy organization.The farmers' Education in Hunan province includes two main elements,namely the cultural education and the ideological and political education.Ingeneral,We can find that the farmer education has such characteristics about the wide range of education object,rich teaching content and flexible School forms.Although the farmers' Education has produced errors in the process of development in Hunan Province.for example,the development of farmers' education has deviated from the center task of the countryside.Sometimes,the progress of farmer education showed the trend blindly.So,the development of the farmer education exposed the problem of unbalanced development.Fortunately,the farmer education indeed has made great achievements in rural areas of Hunan.There is no doubt that the farmers' Education had a positive impact on the political,cultural,economic and other aspects in Hunan,which is worthy of recognition.So,we need to summarize the experiences and lessons of farmer education in this period.Because of these experiences and lessons will provide reference and enlightenment for the current society and the development of today's rural education.