A Study On Non-ultra-orthodox Jewish Groups In Israel

Israel is a multi-ethnic country composed by various immigrants.From the time of the establishment of Israel,there are different ethnic groups,which formed the state of Israel.Jews in Israel can be divided in two groups Ashikenazim and Mizrahim by the place where they come from.In the meantime,Jews in Israel can be also divided into Ultra-orthodox Jews and non-Ultra-orthodoxJews from the perspective of religion.Non-Ultra-orthodoxJews include modern orthodox Judaism,Traditionalist,Reform Judaism and Conservative Judaism,and Secular Jews.Ultra-orthodox Jews is remarkable because of their appearance and behaviors,however,different non-ultra-orthodox ethnic groups have different characteristics.Non-ultra-orthodoxy is the mainstream of Israel.The observance degree of Jewish law of modern orthodox Jews,Traditionalist,Conservative Judaism and Reform Judaism,and secular Jews appear decreased trend.Ultra-Orthodox Judaism dominates religious life in Israel,and it has important influence in Israeli political field.They have the authority to preside over a marriage,the jurisdiction of divorce and the authority to approval a license of kosher food.Moreover,they own the religious parties in Israel.However,their influence on politics of Israel is limited.Non-ultra-orthodox Jews dominate politics and foreign policies of Israel.Those conflicts between religious party and non-religious party show Contractions between ultra-orthodox Jews and Non-ultra-orthodox in politics,and combatson the issues of Jewish identity,education and the observance of Jewish lawbetween Reform,Conservative Judaism and ultra-orthodox Judaism reveal the Contractions between ultra-orthodox Jews and Non-ultra-orthodox in religion and social life.The establishment of Israel,cooperation between religious parties and non-religious parties,supporting Jews all over the world acquire civic rights of Israel show the collaboration between Non-ultra-orthodox Jews and ultra-orthodox Jews.Some modern orthodox Jews live their lives in a traditional way like ultra-orthodox Jews,the other live their lives more secular.They are even more secular than American Neo-orthodox Jews.And it works as a bridge between secular and religion in Israel.They sympathize and support Zionism,and become an important force in Religious Zionism.Traditionalists occupied almost one third of the IsraeliJewish population,but they have no theory for themselves.Their culture handed down from generation to generation.So as time goes by,the number of Traditionalists is decreasing.Reform and Conservative Judaism are the mainstream religion ofthe Jews of United States,but they are inessential in Israel compared to the ultra-orthodox,which dominates the religious life of Israel.Jews who believe in Reform and Conservative Judaism in Israel are almost high-level intellectuals or have experiences of living abroad like United States.Reform and Conservative Judaism were introduced to Israel from United States and Europe after the establishment of Israel.Orthodox Judaism rejects them strongly,so they achieve limited success in Israel.Secular Jews are the mainstream of Israeli society,accounting for nearly half of the Jews in Israel.Owing to the effort of secular Jew,the state of Israel is established,and the concept of modern-day political Zionism and the state of Israelwas founded largely upon secular beliefs and values.They have no religious faith,but they have clear Jewish consciousness.Secular Jews treat Traditional Jewish holidays as historical and national holidays.