| Kao Gong Ji is a technological work in the Pre-Qin Period,which records the manual technology in that period.This thesis develops from the perspectives of lexicology and semantics,focusing on the semantic study of the crafting verbs in Kao gong ji.This thesis will also research the semantic features of the crafting verbs and the cultural meaning embedded in these verbs.Based on the definition and the criterion of the crafting verbs,this thesis will discuss 122 crafting verbs recorded in Kao Gong Ji.These verbs belong to 25 types of crafting work,6 categories.Among these verbs,72 verbs belong to wood craft,including “Wei”,“Yang”,“Rou”,“Dian”,“Jiao” and so on;8 belong to metal craft,including “Wei” “Jian” “Quan” “Zhun” “Zhou” and so on;19 belong to leather craft,including “Wei” “Han” “ Zhi” “Duan ”and so on;22 belong to painting craft,including “Wei” “Ou” “Chi” “Bao” “Lian ”and so on;10 belong to scraping craft,including “Wei” “Bian” “Jia” “Nao” and so on,and 1 belongs to pottery craft,which is “Wei”.Different crafting work share same crafting verb,but also have its own special crafting verbs.“Wei” appears in all six crafting work but “Lian” only appears in painting craft.Crafting embodies not just the exquisite technology but also the complete art skill.So based on the number of the verbs and the completeness of the crafting procedure,this thesis will use static description and morphemic analysis to discuss verbs mainly on three crafting works,which are the bow-making craft,armor-making craft and coloring-craft.According to the record of Kao Gong Ji and the features of crafting itself,bow–making craft involves material-selecting,material-forming,bow-making and bow-testing four produce procedures;armor-making craft has leather-making and armor-making two parts.Leather-making includes leather-making,leather-cutting and leather-testing three procedures.Armor-making includes armor-making and armor-testing two main procedures.Coloring craft has coloring and cloth-rinsing two parts.Coloring craft includes making coloring liquid and coloring.Cloth-rising includes silk rinsing and cloth rinsing.This thesis will have semantic description and semantic analysis separately for the verbs involved in these three crafting,for example,the verbs “Qu” “Xiang” from material selecting procedure in bow-making craft.Based on the context and notes from ancestors,the thesis will describe these verbs semantically and then use the method of semantic analysis to analyze their meanings.In semantic study of these crafting verbs,it is found that the sememe originates from the original meaning of the specialized verbs or the original meaning and extended meaning of the ordinary verbs,and there are sequence,level and paralleling relationships among these verbs.Besides,These verbs reflect the science and nature in Pre-Qin period,they also tell us the crafting culture of combining beauty and utility.The semantic study of these crafting verbs is helpful to the edition of major lexicographical work and to the compilation of the Chinese Dictionary. |
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