Ibn Saudi And The Formation Of Modern Saudi Arabia (1901-1927)

The Arabian Peninsula is the birthplace of Islam which is one of the three major religions in the world. It is a stage of great powers due to rich oil, Mecca and Medina which are the holy places lie in the south of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia also has plenty of petroleum reserves and production. Ibn Sa'ud established Saudi Arabia by conquering Arabian Peninsula (1901-1927). Describing the conquest of peninsula, we can clearly outline the history of the founding of Saudi Arabia, highlighting Ibn Sa'ud's national historical role in the process of establishment. The establishment of Saudi Arabia has its own characteristics, which is different from the Arabia world,Africa, Asia and Latin American countries. With the help of Wahhabi and Ikhwan movement, Ibn Sa'ud used the army to achieve the unification of the peninsula after overcame the difficulties from the home and abroad. Finally, the kingdom of Saudi Arabia has been established.The main body .has four chapters. The main content are as follows: The first chapter mainly introduces the history of the early two Saudi kingdom before the conquest and the basic situation in the early twentieth century in Najd. The second chapter mainly introduces Ibn Sa'ud struggled with the Rashiyd family, and conquered of Najd, Qasim and Hasa, expelled external power such as the Osman Empire,established a regime in the central Peninsula at last. The third chapter mainly introduces Saudi Arabia became a protectorate of Britain at the beginning of the World War I as well as initiated Ikhwan movement to overcome the disadvantages of nomadic society and maintain national stability. The final chapter mainly introduces Ibn Sa'ud got rid of British control and conquered the powerful enemies such as Shammar, Asir and Hijaz, eventually realized the unification of the country.