The Application Of Taoist Philosophy In The Planning Of Vernacular Landscape

In recent years, the process of urbanization has been accelerated and the rural development also has been rapidly developed, which leads to the destruction of the vernacular landscape and the breaking of its culture. In this process, increasing vernacular landscape received the impact of foreign cultures and even replaced by them. What’s more, due to the lack of effective strategies, awareness of traditional planning and overall planning, planners tend to ignore many landscapes which should be retained and protected. Even though Chinese planners propose the relevant strategies and ideas, most of them are from abroad. Thus, we cannot use them appropriately in China due to the lack of Chinese culture and background.However, the author integrates Taoism philosophy, traditional and ancient thoughts, into the guiding ideology of planning of the vernacular landscape, hoping Taoism philosophy can be used as the central spirit and guideline of planning of vernacular landscape. At the same time, it can also transform varieties of foreign planning and design theory into Chinese style, which enables our planning suits and matches the characteristics of China, and benefits to develop better Chinese vernacular landscape.Above all, this paper expounds the historical background and current situation, explains the necessity and innovation of this research, and also reviews the relevant fields of the previous research, hoping to expand on this basis researches. Secondly, the author defines and interprets the local landscape, and analyses the typical characteristics of the local landscape by subsequent literature searches. Also, in order to make research more profound, the author discussed the composition of vernacular landscape classification by existing literature and pictures. Eventually, the conclusion that there are four major elements which constitute vernacular landscape is discovered. They are natural landscape, productive landscape, village landscape, and cultural landscape.Thirdly, the thesis discussed the meaning of Taoism and distinguished the meaning of Taoist and Taoism, in order to determine the focus and direction of the research. Moreover, by the angle of landscape architecture, it concluded that Taoism philosophy has significantly positive impact to landscape architecture. The author summed up the role of Taoism and the impact on the traditional rural planning, by reviewing literature and practical investigation. It is true that both of them have the deep historical origin and complicated relationship. Generally speaking, most of Taoism philosophy, in ancient times, was expressed by feudal ideas and concrete expression rather than by intentional expression and scientific conceptions. Finally, after collecting and exploring a large number of data, the author summarized the commonness between Taoism and vernacular landscape, which proved that both of them have the close relation, and provides the basis for the further study.Through the previous research and discuss, the author continue to profoundly research how Taoism affect the planning of vernacular landscape. It is reflected at four aspects: theme planning, landscape conception, planning principle and landscape elements. Through investigating every part and combining with a lot of literature material in the local planning strategy, the author proposed the suitable strategies and methods and let the existing landscape theory combine with Chinese traditional background and culture, which makes these theories become suit and useful to the Chinese society.Then, the researcher used discussed idea and theory to the project of Hanzeng village millennium pear orchard planning so that the interoperability and guiding of theory can be perfect proved, In the application process, the research followed the previous research framework, and explored it from four aspects:the topic conception, principle, and four elements of landscape; the author proposed the strategies and method to plan the project and made the project possessed the true spirit by using Taoism as a main core in planning.Finally, through the summary and discussion, the author got the demerits of this theory. It is true that the theory need to be more researched.