Under The Theory Of Cognitive Semantics Analysis Of The Lexical Semantic Changes

Changes in the study of lexical semantics and lexical semantics is the study of a key areas.We care about words in semantic change occurs,it is the meaning of what is happening in the change,these changes have what laws,and people in the face of the semantic change and will make the balance to correct understanding of word meaning.Based on these ideas,based on the lexical semantic changes as the research object,trying to explain what people use cognitive approach to understand the lexical semantic changes.Based on the study of cognitive semantics,this paper,the use of metaphor cognitive domain and the basic thought of the two cognitive semantics,think lexical semantic change usually can be divided into three types:one is the changing structure of the lexical semantics,the second is the change of lexical semantic characteristics,three is the transfer of lexical semantics.The third item semantic transfer is actually the first and second item.Under this view,this paper aimed at the semantic description methods of structure improvement.On this basis,respectively analyzes the lexical semantic changes in semantic structure and semantic features,semantic transfer,people should use what kind of cognitive way to achieve the understanding of the meaning.Through the analysis found that when the semantic structure changes,semantic change is changed by the nature of the structure,such as when a noun semantic structure into a verbal semantic structure,new meaning must be involved in a state of things in the time relationship.When semantic characteristics change,lexical semantic structure did not change,but the characteristics of a specific attribute values will change,such as when a word into"?????+NP+??/??",after the emotional color will be forced to change the characteristics of the attribute value for the derogatory sense.When semantic transfer,a word to the semantic will directly into another word to semantics,to achieve the transition to the base lies in how to construct the similarity of the two words,or characteristics of the structure.