| There are many phenomena in verbal expressions that are dominated by animacy, “da+NP” combination is no exception. Based on the animacy of language, this paper studies the reference positioning and the principle of vibration of “da+NP”.Firstly, in reference to multiple dictionaries on the analysis of "da+NP" structure type, “NP” categories and re-sort the semantic of "da", obtain 27 new meanings.Secondly, according to the original meaning of "da", this paper gets the reference positioning of “da+NP”, that is [human(with tools) touch/hit inanimate(surface)]. When the semantics of “da+NP” deviate the reference positioning which indicates the combination vibrates. When the action behavior of “da+NP” is emitted by human or human society, it means upward semantic vibration; on the contrary, it means downward semantic vibration. According to the principle of orientation and vibration, this paper studies every meaning of “da+NP” and verified in real corpus.Thirdly, this paper in conjunction with other characteristics of the semantics features of the animacy of “S+da+NP”, including power, individualism, causation, to examine the relationship between the “da+NP”.Lastly, this paper analyzes the governance mechanism and motivation behind of animacy positioning and vibration of "da+NP". The mechanisms that govern the animacy repositioning and the principle of orientation and vibration are metonymy and metaphor. The motivations are the game between economic criteria and rich guidelines of language and the basis of semantic associations. In addition, by combing the metonymy and metaphor of semantics of “da+NP”, this paper comes to a Map of metonymy and metaphor of “da+NP”. Which clearly reflects the different aspects of “da+NP”, including reference positioning, the principle of orientation and vibration, the semantic categories and the relationship with human society. |
PDF Full Text Request