The Research On Pattern Of "Kan" Of Modern Chinese

"Kan (看) ", the most typical verb of version in modern Chinese, is an efficient way for people to get information. Most study of "Kan" is based on the way of traditional grammar analysis. The research on pattern of "Kan" follows the research method of corpus linguistics which is based on the statistic of large sample base. This kind of research method is widely used in studies of English but rarely used in studies of Chinese.With "Kan" as the research object, this paper sums up and analyzes the pattern of "Kan" by using the theory of pattern grammar. It is based on the data of "Kan" in the General Balanced Corpus of Modern Chinese of China National Language Committee and supported by Modern Chinese Language Corpus of Peking University. Through the study of the colligation of co-occurrence words of "Kan", the researchers have been able to ascertain the colligation of "Kan" by following the criteria of mutual choice of pattern and words and the connection of pattern and meaning. By means of observing concrete terms of different colligations, the researchers are able to establish more patterns of the hypostasis.By observing the data it is able to summarize that there are three primary patterns of "Kan":viewpoint, speculation and attempt. The viewpoint pattern includes five types which are cong/jiu+np+(shang)+(lai)+Kan+(lai), zai+np/r+Kan+lai, cong/you+np/r+(zhong/shang/li)+(vwilling)+Kan+chu, rperson+Kan, Paccordance+rperson+Kan+(lai). These patterns are mainly used to express viewpoints. The speculation pattern includes Kan+lai, Kan+qilai, Kan+shangqu, Kan+yangzi. It is for the speakers’speculating. The attempt pattern includes Kan+Kan, Kan+yi+Kan, Kan+le+Kan, Kan+yixia, vv+Kan. These patterns are all contains the meaning of tentative. Apart from the above three primary types of patterns, there exist seven other patterns of "Kan":np+(vp)+yi+Kan, gei+np/r+(mqindefinite)+yanse/lihai+Kan+ (Kan), Kan+np/r+(de)+lianse, Kan+renao/xiqi/xinxian, (lian) +Kan+ye/dou+bu/mei+Kan, ba+np1/r1+Kan+de+(bi+np2/r2)+ap, Kan+ba+np/r+(gei )+a/v+de. These seven patterns have distinct characteristics and studied separately. Generally speaking, the patterns of "Kan" are all subjective and have abundant meanings.According to the General Balanced Corpus of Modern Chinese of China National Language Committee and HSK dynamic Composition Corpus, the first three kinds of patterns all have the problem of underutilized, over-utilized or misused in Chinese when using as foreign language. Hereby, we suggest that teachers of Chinese as a foreign language should enhance the teaching of patterns. We should endeavor to enhance the application of pattern in teaching Chinese as a foreign language from the teaching material and the teacher’s teaching method. And finally, we discussed instructional strategies of teaching Chinese as a foreign language of patterns from two aspects of holistic teaching and level teaching.Basing on large-scale corpus, this paper combines quantitative and qualitative research methods. It gives a comprehensive description and analysis of the patterns of "Kan". The research strategy of this paper has a considerable influence on the methodology of Chinese pattern study. And this paper has a certain application value in using and teaching of "Kan".