The Study On Poetry Shi'ershi In Dunhuang Manuscripts

Originating from the ancient chronometry, the tune of Shi'ershi enjoys the widest popularity in folk, which bears a story that the tune is firstly taken into this area of Buddhism by Zen master Bao zhi, then runs paralleled between the Zen Buddhism and the society,forming plenty of works in the past. The Dunhuang grottoes have reserved a great number of manuscripts from the 9th to 10 th century. Going throughing one hundred years of searching, it yields so much.The research history of Shi'ershi poetry has reflected that the ideas towards Dunhuang poetry are in the transition, that is, from only laying emphasis on the words to focusing on all the forms including the tune connotation characteristics, spreading way of performing, etc. Overall, the former research is given priority to the texts which separate from the carrier——the manuscripts in middle ancient times, which leads to so much problems unsettled. In recent years, the academic circles focus on the Dunhuang manuscripts, even a group of scholars launching researches from the holistic perspective to explore the manuscripts which are the main carrier of intellectual and belief of middle ancient times, aiming at taking revaluation of the manuscripts. Based on the statements above, the article adapts the method of “close reading on manuscripts” to illustrates some problems with universal significance.The article is divided into 5 chapters.According to the method introduced above,we choose 5 sets of poetry works from all Shi'ershi poetry and analyze their manuscripts one by one.The First Chapter tells that Shi'ershi of Zen Buddhism from S.427 and the other manuscript,which point out that they are dedicated to promote the buddhism and exhort the public.Therein,?8440 revels that it should copied in A.D924.The Second Chapter tells that the Shi'ershi poetry from S.2679c and could being put together with S.6103,which without title might composed by a monk.It should copied between mid 9thto mid 10thcentury.The Third Chapter tells that Shi'ershi of Vimalak?rti from S.6631vm and the other manuscripts which should copied in mid 9th century.By the hybrid tune of Wugengzhuan and Shi'ershi,this poetry recounts the story about Vimalak?rti and Ma?ju?r?.The Forth Chapter tells that Shi'ershi Pu Quan Si Zhong Yi Jiao Xiu Xing from??48(28)and the other manuscripts,which reflect the idea of Jing-Tu.As the longest one in the Dunhuang poetry,Shi'ershi Pu Quan Si Zhong Yi Jiao Xiu Xing was composed by Monk Zhiyan in A.D 924 when the writer was in Dunhuang.??48 was finished in A.D 980,and others might copied between A.D 924 and A.D 980.The Fifth Chapter tells that the folk song Shi'ershi ofEncouragement,coming from P.2564b etc.In order to speculate the reason why the poetry is presented to the Ya Ke Xin Fu Wen,which is to encourage the Han youth to study hard under the rule of Tibetan Empire.There are 3 pieces of copies have close relationship with the Dunhuang school education,where their primitive purpose is for the reading of students.At last, nearly-gather 30 kinds of poetry except the existed ones in Dunhuang documents, illustrating the Shi'ershi' existence form the 9th to 11 th century appears not to be an isolated phenomenon. Later, the tunes of Shi'ershi' are still popular for a long tom. Creating by the monk of Zen Buddhism, it is used to admire their ancestors.Otherwise, the general documents and the folk songs also have the variations,comparing with the ones of Dunhuang. They also have changed a lot. In the modern times, the usage of “Shi'er Shichen” has gradually disappeared and the combination of the tune of Shi'ershi and 12 months has made the Shi'ershi poetry continue to spread in the folk to the new forms.