| ObjectiveThe study aimed to evaluate normal adult azygos vein by defining its reference ranges of the diameter using ultrasound,and to investigate the abnormalities of azygos vein in clinical practice.Materials Methods1.The measurement of normal adult Azygos vein by Ultrasound360 cases without Azygos vein abnormalities confirmed by CT and clinical documents,which with no chest,abdominal disorders and cardiovascular disease,were randomly selected to examine by Ultrasound.The diameters of azygos vein were obtained by ultrasound in long axis and short axis section respectively.SPSS 13.0 statistical software was used.F test was used to compare the difference of azygos vein diameters in different age groups and two independent sample t test was used to compare the difference between male and female.The azygos vein diameter 95%normal range of upper and lower bounds was determined by x ±1.96s method.2.Comparasion of measurement between Ultrasound and CT in azygos vein200 cases without azygos vein abnormalities(chest,abdominal disorders and cardiovascular disease)confirmed by CT and clinical documents were selected as the control group,while 60 cases with azygos vein abnormalities were selected as the abnormal group.Ultrasound and CT were performed on all the patients at the same time to measure the diameter of Azygos vein in the same location(septum transversum).The ROC curve and diagnostic efficiency were used to evaluate the clinical consistency of the two measurement methods.3.The ultrasonic diagnosis and clinical significance of azygos vein abnormalities(1)The ultrasonic appearances of 37 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome confirmed by angiography were analyzed retrospectively,focused on the size and shape of azygos vein.(2)The ultrasonic appearances of 14 patients with Inferior Vena Cava with Azygos Ectopic Continuation confirmed by angiography were analyzed retrospectively.(3)The ultrasonic appearance of patient with Azygos vein tumor thrombus was analyzed retrospectively.Results1.The ultrasonic measurement of normal adult Azygos veinThe male azygos vein diameters were 9.78±1.97mm and female were 9.94±1.76mm.There was no significant difference in sex groups.The diameters of azygos vein were 9.60±1.96mm in group of 19 to 39 years old,9.62± 1.61mm in 40 to 60,and 10.73± 1.67mm in 61 to 81.There was statistical significance in age groups.The azygos vein diameters of group of 61 to 81 years old were greater than in 19 to 39 and 40 to 60.95%normal reference value range were 6.16-13.54mm.2.Comparasion of measurement between Ultrasound and CT in azygos veinThe azygos vein diameters were 16.29±1.84mm measured by ultrasound in abnormal group,while 9.69±1.86mm in normal group.The of azygos vein were 16.24±1.81mm measured by CT in abnormal group,while 9.57±1.58mm in normal group.There was good consistency between ultrasound and CT by statistical analysis.3.The ultrasonic diagnosis and the clinical significance of azygos vein abnormalities(1)The azygos vein diameters of 37 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome were 16.51±1.41mm,of which there were dilations with different degree.(2)14 patients with Inferior Vena Cava with Azygos Ectopic Continuation were first diagnosed by ultrasound.Of which,13 cases of Inferior vena venous blood flows were through azygos vein into Superior vena cava to atrium and 1 case of Azygos vein blood flow was through Inferior vena cava back into right atrium.Conclusion1.Ultrasound can display the azygos vein in septum transversum clearly.2.1t was good consistency between ultrasound and CT of ultrasonic measurement of the azoic vein.3.The expansion of Azygos vein determined by Ultrasound is helpful in diagnosis of patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome.4.There is great diagnostic value of ultrasound for Inferior Vena Cava with Azygos Ectopic Continuation and Azygos vein tumor thrombus. |
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