Analysis Of Related Factors Affecting The Weight Growth Of Premature Infants In NICU

Objective: To find out the related factors affecting the weight growth of premature infants in NICU.To further guide the doctors to maintain a good state of weight growth in premature infants through appropriate intervention measures,to promote the normal growth and development of preterm infants and to improve the short-term and long-term prognosis of them.Methods: 1.Data of premature infants in NICU of our hospital from October 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively collected.The criteria of enrollment were:(1)gestation age <37 weeks.(2)born in our hospital,admitted our NICU less than 24 hours after birth and duration of be in hospital ?14 days.(3)improved or cured when discharge.(4)cases of data integrity.The criteria of exception were:(1)congenital genetic metabolic disease,congenital heart disease,alimentary tract malformation and various surgical procedures during hospitalization.(2)born in other hospitals,or admitted our NICU more than 24 hours after birth,or duration of be in hospital <14 days.(3)failure to meet the requirement for discharge or transfer.(4)unstable vital signs or low life ability when discharge.2.The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed,including the mothers data and complication,the premature infants birth situation,weight change duration of hospital stay,their enteral nutrition status and complication.3.All data were analyzed by SPSS19.0 statistical software.The correlation factors of weight gain were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis.P < 0.05 was considered as significant.Results: 1.Data of 158 premature infants was eligible,including 91 male infants,67 female infants,105 single births,53 twins,28 assisted reproductive infants,92 premature rupture of membrances,50 mechanical ventilation,45 complications in pregnant mothers,35 premature infants with asphyxia,98 NRDS,1 pulmonary hemorrhage,15 BIPI,156 jaundice,28 cases of infectious diseases,60 cases of anemia,21 cases of hematoma,18 cases of hypoproteinemia,41 cases of hypoglycemia and 71 cases of hypokalemia.Mean birth weight was(2015.60±465.97)g,mean birth gestational age was(33.49±1.65)weeks,mean hospital stay was(20.51±6.75)days,mean age of pregnant mothers was(30.2 ±5.43)years old,and the mean weight gain rate during hospitalization was(4.94 ±3.52)g/(kg·d).2.The factors related to the average weight gain in the first week after birth are: birth weight,jaundice,age of pregnant mothers,BIPI,enternal energy in the first week,gestational age(P<0.05).Enternal energy in the first week,gestational age are positive correlation factors(P< 0.05).In addition,gestational age(Beta= 0.339)has the greatest influence.3.The related factors affecting the average weight gain in the second week after birth are: birth weight,first feeding time,BIPI,anemia,hypoproteinemia,hypokalemia,infectious diseases,gestational age(P < 0.05).Among them,gestational age is the positive correlation factors(P < 0.05).In addition,birth weight(Beta=-0.430)has the greatest influence on the birth weight.4.The factors related to the average weight gain during hospitalization are: birth weight,anemia,infectious diseases,gestational age,enternal energy in the first weekand feeding duration during hospitalization(P < 0.05).Among them,the latter three factors are positive correlation factors(P<0.05).The duration of feeding during hospitalization(Beta= 0.461)has the greatest influence.Conclusions: The factors influencing the weight growth of premature infants in NICU are different for a certain time.The main factors affecting the weight growth of premature infants are early enteral energy intake,feeding duration,gestational age and birth weight.In addition,complications of premature infants and nosocomial infections are independent risk factors for weight gain of premature infants.Therefore,early enteral feeding,reducing or avoiding complications and nosocomial infections maybe contribute to weight gain in preterm infants.