The Clinical Characteristics And Prognosis Of Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Evolving From Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Objective:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS),in order to investigate the related factors which affect the transformation of MDS patients into acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods:1.All of the 185 patients of MDS are from the hematology department of the second hospital of Shanxi medical university.51 MDS patients of them translate into AML patients,including 31 male patients and 20 female patients,their median age is 59.2.Study related factors influencing MDS transformation into AML.3.We observed that the time of MDS translating into AML with decitabine and other chemotherapy regimens.Results:1.In the 185 MDS patients,translating into AML are 51 cases,30 patiens are among them,whose median time are 6(0.5-36)months,focusing on AML-M4;2.Among the 51 AML patients evolving from myelodysplastic syndromes,there are21 abnormal chromsome karyotype(41.18%)were observed.Compared with MDS patients before translating into AML,6 cases have abnormal karyotype(new karyotypes appearing or the initial karyotype disappearing).3.The patients of MDS translating into AML have major clinical feature are:anemia of different degree,fever and hemorrhage,and 3 cases have extramedullary infiltration.4.There are several related factors with MDS patients translated into AML:the series number of peripheral blood cytopenia,the proportion of blast cells in bone marrow,the WHO classification of myelodysplastic syndrome,the quality and quantity of chromosome karyotype;but gender and age are not include.5.The over response rate of decitabine or combined regimen for patients AML evolving from MDS is 72.73%,and it can improve the patients quality of life.Conclusion:1.MDS has a increased intendency to transformation to AML,with poor prognosis and a high mortality.2.According to our statistical analysis,the five factors(the series number of peripheral blood cytopenia,the proportion of blast cells in bone marrow,the WHO classification of myelodysplastic syndrome,the quality and quantity of chromosome karyotype)are considerd important parameters to AML evolving from MDS,except gender and age.3.Decitabine is a better short-time effective drugs,which may be prolong the time from MDS translate into AML.In our study,there was no statistical significance.