Observation Of Clinical Treatment Effect Of Drug-induced Gingival Overgrowth

Objectives: Drug-induced gingival overgrowth is the gingival hyperplasia and volume enlargement,which is a side effect associated with 3 types of drugs:anticonvulsants(phenytoin),calcium channel blockers(nifedipine)and immunosuppressive agents(cyclosporine).The pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia mainly includes drugs effect,inflammation and genetic affect the degree of gingival hyperplasia.The main treatments of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia including plaque control,remove local irritation,replace or disable medications and periodontalsurgery.The aim of this study was to analyze the etiology of gingival hyperplasia and evaluate the therapeutic effect of standardized periodontal system treatment on druginduced gingival hyperplasia,and to provide evidence for the treatment of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia.Methods: 6 cases of drugs induced gingival hyperplasia were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2014 to 2016.History of medication:more than 1 month.Six patients had not received any antibiotics in 3 months and had not been treated with periodontitis in the past 1 year.All patients were treated with the same dentist.The patient participated in this study with informed consent.In this study,six patients with drug-induced gingival hyperplasia were examined by history and periodontal examination.Periodontal initial therapy,surgery(if necessary)and periodontal support were performed with no temporary replacement of oral medication.Probing depth(PD),bleeding index(BI),plaque index(PLI)and gingival hyperplasia index(GHI)were used to evaluate the changes of gingival hyperplasia before and after(3month and 6month)treatment.Observe the progress of the disease by follow-up observation.Results: The levels of PLI,PBI,PD and GHI were significantly different between the patients before and after periodontal therapy after 3 months and 6 months.There were115 sites in 130 sites with gingival hyperplasia completely disappeared.There was no recurrence of follow-up during 6 months to 2 years.Some patients with poor plaque control have a tendency to recurrence of gingival inflammation.However,no recurrence sites of gingival hyperplasia after plaque control.Conclusion: Gingival hyperplasia can achieve ideal therapeutic effect through periodontal basis therapy(effective plaque control)combined periodontal surgery.Most of the hyperplasia caused by inflammation in gingival hyperplasia is reversible and can dissipate within a short time after plaque control.Periodontal surgery can remove the collagen accumulation in the gingival and restore the contour and function of gingival.Therefore,plaque control of the basic periodontal treatment is the main procedure of gingival hyperplasia treatment.All the cases in this experiment did not replace the treatment of drugs during the observation time.Based on the observed cases and observation time,all cases have achieved good clinical efficacy during the observation period.The study focused on the pathogenesis of drug gingival hyperplasia and clinical treatment with of great importance in guiding the medical professionals to effectively prevent drug-induced gingival hyperplasia.This study still needs to increase additional cases and prolong the observation time in further guiding clinical treatment.