The Relationships Between Non-alcoholic Beverages And Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Adults

Aim: Depressive symptoms have become the most important global public health issue.There is a compelling relationship between nutrition/diet and depressive symptoms.Here we conducted an analysis to examine the relationships between different nonalcoholic beverages and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults.Methods: The study performed a cross-sectional study among 19,224 inhabitants in Tianjin,all of whom were recruited from Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health Cohort Study.The consumption of green tea,black tea,oolong tea,coffee,soft drink and juice were assessed individually using validated food-frequency questionnaires.Depressive symptoms was assessed using the Chinese version of 20-item Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)with a cut-off of 40 and/or the use of antidepressants to indicate elevated depressive symptoms.Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between different non-alcoholic beverages and depressive symptoms.Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 35.2% for the whole population,and 33.3% and 37.4% for males and females,respectively.Different non-alcoholic beverages have distinctive associations with depressive symptoms in general population.Similar relations were observed in different adjusted models.After adjustments for all potential confounding factors,the odds ratios(95% confidence interval)of having elevated depressive symptoms with SDS 340 by different frequency of non-alcoholic beverages consumption were as follows: 1.There were no significant associations in both genders for all types of tea.2.The odds ratios(OR)(95% confidence interval,95%CI)of having elevated depressive symptoms across different frequency of coffee consumption were 1.00 for ￡once per week(reference),1.00(0.81,1.23)for 2-3 times per week and 1.25(1.02,1.53)for 34 times per week(P for trend(27)0.01),in males.However,no significant association was observed in females.3.There were significant associations in both genders for soft drink and juice.After adjustments for all potential confounding factors,participants who consumed soft drink for 34 cups/week had a 31% and 83% greater risk of depressive symptoms than those who consumed ￡once per week in females and males,respectively,while those with 34 cups/week of juice consumption had 65% and 24% greater risk of depressive symptoms than those who consumed ￡once per week in females and males,respectively.Conclusion: The results showed that different non-alcoholic beverages have distinctive associations with depressive symptoms in general population,independent of other confounding factors.It is necessary to consider the types of tea beverages when measuring tea consumption.It is necessary to conduct more studies focusing on the relationships between non-alcoholic beverages and depressive symptoms and explore the underlying mechanisms.