| Objective: With the development of the society progress,the pace of modern life grows faster,people's psychological pressure is generally promoted.As is known to all,alternation between life and death is the natural process of human evolution,which everyone must experience and bear.ICU is a centre of patients with emergency and severe cases,and the death occurs often.At present most of the scholars in our country focused on the psychological condition of the severe patients and their families,but they pay less attention to the medical staff,the ICU nurses plays an important role in the process in patients with severe treatment.When the ICU nurses have related adverse reaction,psychological stress or death anxiety would lead negative effect on patients and their families who need psychological comfort and social moral support.The ICU nurses work in the perennial battle line for yearsas people's health defender,whose death anxiety level should draw wider social attention.This research is aimed to provide data about the death anxiety from tertiary hospital of Hebei Province in order to understand death anxiety status,explore the death anxiety-related influencing factors,implement countermeasures for controllable factors and then to reduce the ICU nurse death anxiety in the future.Method: The study was performed from March 2016 to December 2016.Nurses in tertiary hospital ICU in Hebei Province were randomly chosen as subjects of the study with convenience sampling method.This research used Chinese five death anxiety scale The total of 450 questionnaires were distributed with 409 returned,the effective recovery rate was 90.89%.This research was divided into two parts: Firstly,the general information of nursing staff includes gender,age,nationality,marital status,education,religion,age,professional title,department,etc.Secondly,whether the nurses received death education or experienced death situation was included.The crowd scored more than 35 points was considered as the high death anxiety state.Data were analyzed with SPSS22.0,and chi-square test was used for enumeration data,Analysis of variance and t test were used for measurement data.Involving two Comparison test SNK-q was used.The influence factors of death anxiety analysis were calculated with multiple conditions Logistic regression method.Paired t test was used to analyze death anxiety scores before and after the training comparing.Results:1 The ICU nurse death anxiety scored(45.16±6.07)generally high,386 nurses show(94.38%)high anxiety level,and female nurses were higher than that in the male nurses,the difference was statistically significant,P< 0.05.2 The association of ICU nurses' general condition with its death anxiety score :Death anxiety scored 38.74±5.66 in the<25 age group,which was significantly lower than>25 age group 47.32±4.45,t = 15.761,P<0.001;ICU male nurses' death anxiety scored 43.43±7.97,significantly lower than that in female nurses' 45.37±5.78,t = 2.006,P = 0.046;.The death anxiety scored in Nurses' graduated from technical secondary school,college and university level were 46.63±6.02,45.78±5.24 and 42.53±7.44,respectively,which were statistically significant,F = 12.230,P<0.001,the lower degree,the higher the death anxiety score.Professional title level of nurses were related to death anxiety scores as well,which the death anxiety scores were 43.81±5.36,44.73±6.03,46.16±5.46 and 40.57±4.86 in nurse-in-charge,and deputy director of the nurse practitioner,respectively,F = 3.259,P = 0.033,the lower the professional title,the higher death anxiety scores;Different marital status,the highest record of formal schooling,form of employment,teaching teachers,department,team leader and department working fixed number of year to the nurse,had no effect to the death anxiety score,which was not statistically difference,P> 0.05.3 Whether the death education and death events affected death anxiety scoreNurses accepted death education or hospice care training or study of nurse death anxiety scored 42.37±6.92,significantly lower than those who did not attend hospice care training or study of nurse 46.01±5.52,the difference was statistically significant,t= 5.293,P<0.001;Nurses participated in patients or their relatives end-of-life disposal,their death anxiety score were 44.52 ±6.63,significantly lower than those who did not participate 45.62±5.59,the difference was statistically significant,t =2.017,P=0.045;whether ever seen fatal accident or a life-threatening event had no effect to death anxiety score,difference was not statistically significant,P> 0.05.4 Only 23 cases expressed no death anxiety,which we chose as the research subjects,according to the 1:2 proportion matching department,gender,family environment matching and traced the questionnaire,exploring the influence factors with Logistic regression study.Studies had shown that participating in end-of-life disposal experience about relatives and had systemic hospice care related training work is a "protective factor" for death anxiety.5 With the method of nearby principle,we took death anxiety training work to 45 ICU nurses in our hospital,observing the change of death anxiety scores before and after the training.Our hospital ICU nurses' primary death anxiety score was 45.36±5.93,during the training ICU nurses death anxiety scored lower to 44.68±5.62,after four timesof training ICU nurses death anxiety scored to 42.35±6.15.Conclusion:1 The level of first-class hospital ICU nurses death anxiety scored generally high,94.38% showed high death anxiety level,female nurses' death anxiety level was higher than that in male nurses.2 ICU nurses death anxiety scored differently at the age,initial degree,professional title.Nurses younger than 25 years old scored significantly lower than those were older than 25 years old;the higher the initial degree the lower the death anxiety score;the higher the professional title the lower the death anxiety score.3 The nurses who participated in the death education,hospice care training or end-of-life disposal expressed lower death anxiety score compared with those who did not experience above events.4 We used the conditions of Logistic regression to study the influence factors of death anxiety score,which showed that nurses who was younger than 25,participated in end-of-life disposal and received hospice care training were helpful to reduce the ICU nurses death anxiety level.5 Organizing the death anxiety training for ICU nurses could effectively reduce the anxiety level,especially in secondary training,death anxiety levels decreased significantly. |
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