16s RDNA High-throughput Sequencing Analysis Of Vaginal Microbiota Diversity In Trichomonas Vaginitis Patients

Objective Trichomonas vaginitis(TV)is a common vaginitis caused by trichomo nas vaginalis.The relationship between trichomonas vaginitis and vaginal flora is an very important part of the pathogenesis of trichomonas vaginitis and the landscape o f vaginal microbiota.To compare the vaginal micro-ecological status and vaginal bac terial community composition of trichomonas vaginitis and healthy women in reprod uctive age,in order to lay the foundation for further research of the pathogenesis of trichomonasvaginitis and its relationship with vaginal microbiota.Methods Vaginal swabs were obtained to compare the difference of vaginal microbi ota diversity,density of lactobacillus,vaginal p H values and the content of the vagi nal lactobacillus from trichomonas vaginitis and healthy women based on microscopy and traditional culture method.High-throughput sequencing and bioinfortics analysis were used for the investigation of microbial communities and species diversity of th e two groups.Microbiota composition,alpha diversity and beta diversity among two groups were compared by analyzing the 16 S r DNA V3 and V4 hypervariable region s amplified from total genomic DNA of vaginal swabs and the sequence length was450 bp.Results The vaginalmicro-ecological status showed large difference between two gro ups.Compared with the control group,the vaginal p H values in TV group were sig nificantly increased.The p H value of vaginal secretions in the TV group was 5.45±0.61,and that in control group was 4.47±0.44.The difference between two groups was statistically significant(p<0.001).There were differences in lactobacillus counts o f vaginal secretions between two groups,vaginal lactobacillus in TV group was 3.83±2.50×106,the control group was 16.11±5.24×106,the difference was statistically sign ificant(p<0.001).There was no significant difference in OTU index,Chao1 index,S impson index,and Shannon index between the two groups.The density of lactobacil lus was significantly decreased,and other anaerobes were relative abundant.The sign ificant differences of microbial composition exist at the level of genus,included Snea thia、Prevotella、Mycoplasma、Atopobium、Gemella.Conclusion The study demonstrated that in TV group,the microflora diversity in v aginal microenvironment increased,lactobacillus decreased and miscellaneous bacteria increased.The diversity of vaginal flora in TV group was similar to that in controlg roup,but the composition of bacteria was significantly changed.T.vaginalis was associated with vaginal microbiota consisting of low proportions of lactobacillus and hig h proportions of Sneathia、Prevotella、Mycoplasma、Atopobium、Gemella and other anaerobes.Lactobacillus may play an important role in maintaining vaginal health.C ompared with the traditional flora analysis,the high throughput sequencing method c an more accurately reflect the composition of vaginal flora,and lay the foundation f or further study on the mechanism and prevention of trichomonas vaginitis.