Expression Change Of TGF-? And Smad4 In Ovary And Gran Ulosa Cells In Menopause Transition Rats

The menopausal transitional period is a dynamic process centered on the gradual decline of ovarian function.Ovarian function decline in the basic performance of the ovarian reserve function decreased,resulting in reduced egg capacity,follicular quality decreased,menstrual scarce or even amenorrhea and other symptoms,resulting in decreased fertility and lack of sex hormones,seriously affecting women's life and health and quality of life.Therefore,to explore the intrinsic mechanism of ovarian function decline,to find ways to delay the decline of ovarian function has important clinical significance.Ovarian local microenvironment has an important role in regulating ovarian function,it is known that many of the many genes of ovarian expression are members of the transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-?)superfamily,in which TGF-? subclass of the superfamily is closely related to ovarian function,which is mainly expressed in the follicular oocytes,granulocytes,follicular cells,follicular growth,follicular growth,development,atresia,egg cell development and maturity have an important role.Smad4 is the central link of TGF-? signaling pathway,and the role of TGF-? signal transduction is very important.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to study the changes of TGF-? and Smad4 in ovarian and granulosa cells during the postmenopausal transitional period,and to explore the relationship between the expression of TGF-? and Smad4 in ovarian and granulosa cells relationship.In this study,40 female SD rats aged 12 months were selected and the animal model was screened by vaginal smear.The rats were randomly divided into two groups: the menopausal transition group(MT group)and the estrogen treatment group(E2 group),and 20 6-month-old female SD rats,the rats were also selected as the blank control group(group C).Estrogen treatment group(E2)was treated with estrogen for 6 weeks,and the other two groups were given a blank solvent sesame oil.Each group was randomly divided into two parts: One part of the anesthesia was sacrificed and the ovarian tissues were taken.HE staining was performed to observe the ovarian morphology.Another part of the rat ovary was used for the separation and culture of granulosa cells.The expression of TGF-? and Smad4 in ovary and granulosa cells was detected by immunohistochemistry,cytochemistry and RT-qPCR.The expression of TGF-? and Smad4 in ovary and granulosa cells was detected by immunocytochemistry.Observation of ovarian morphology under light microscope can be seen in each group of ovaries containing different stages of development of follicles and corpus luteum and atresia follicles and other structures.Immunohistochemical results showed that TGF-? and Smad4 were expressed in follicular granulosa cells,oocytes and follicular cells in ovaries.Compared with group C,the positive rate of TGF-? and Smad4 expression in MT group and E2 group was lower than that in group C(P <0.01).Compared with MT group,the positive rate of TGF-? and Smad4 <0.01),the results were statistically significant.The correlation coefficients of TGF-? and Smad4 in the ovaries of menopausal rats were examined by pearson correlation coefficient,the correlation coefficient was 0.879(P = 0.000),and the protein expression was positively correlated.The expression of TGF-? and Smad4 mRNA in ovarian and granulosa cells of MT group and E2 group were lower than those of group C(P <0.05).The expression of TGF-? and Smad4 mRNA in ovarian and granulosa cells of MT group The expression of Smad4 mRNA was lower than that of estrogen E2 group(P <0.05).By analyzing the experimental results can be obtained,TGF-? and Smad4 widely expressed in the ovary and its granulocytes,can regulate ovarian function.TGF-? and Smad4 were positively correlated with the expression of TGF-? and Smad4 in the process of ovarian function decline.TGF-? affected the expression of smad4,which affected the expression of target gene and regulated the functional status of Smad4.TGF-? and Smad4 in the process of ovarian function decline from the positive regulation.Ovarian function decline is associated with down-regulation of TGF-? and Smad4 expression.