The Germplasm Collection And Quality Evaluation Of Cistanche Tubulosa From Xinjiang

Cistanche tubulosa,one in two sources of a traditional tonic Cistanches Herba,was uniquely distributed in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China.Different cultivated and wild C.tubulosa germplasms were collected from southern Xinjiang,the main producing areas of C.tubulosa.Then,the quality evaluation on the germplasms were systematically carried out after morphological measurement,weighing,and processing.The quality evaluation methods were based on the previous experiments of our laboratory.Phenylethanoid glycosides contents were quantified by using microplate reader,according to their ultra violet absorption.Five obviously bioactive and relatively high-content phenylethanoid glycosides,including echinacoside,acteoside,A tubulosa glycosides,acteoside,2'-acetyl verbascoside,were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography(UPLC).The contents of water-soluble extracts and dilute ethanol-soluble extracts were also analyzed following the guidance in Pharmacopoeia of China.The attenuated total reflectance mid infrared(ATR-MIR)spectrums of all the C.tubulosa samples were carried out aclustering analysis using AssureID software.A total of 285 C.tubulosa germplasms were sampled from 29 sites of 6 counties in southern Xinjiang in this study.Among them,180 samples were gathered from 17 sampling in Autumn and 105 samples were gathered from 12 sampling in Spring,133 samples were wild,and the other 152 samples were form cultivation sites.The results of appearance characteristic analysis show that,the plant heights of C.tubulosa sampled in spring in different sampling sites have no significant difference,but the difference between different sampling time is significant.The coefficients of variation(CV)of fresh weight and dry weight from the same sampling point are not big,which means the weights of all the samples from the same sampling site are relatively consistent.The average dry to fresh weight ratio of C.tubulosa in autumn is higher than that in spring,which means the samples in spring has higher water content.The quality evaluation results have shown that the main active ingredient contents of C.tubulosa are significantly different in various sampling sites and seasons.The coefficients of variation of different samples from the same sampling sites are large,which up to a maximum of 1.70.The difference of C.tubulosa quality between sampling seasons is more obvious than that among different areas.The contents of phenylethanoid glycosides,soluble sugar and extracts in spring samples were all significantly higher than that in autumn samples.By means of ATR-MIR spectroscopy combined with cluster analysis,C.tubulosa sampled from different seasons can be quickly classified.The results providing profound information for factorial analysis on C.tubulosa quality and technical guidance on germplasm evaluation and application.