Investigation On Microbial Contamination And Control Methods Of Equipment Associated With Ultrasound In Hospitals

ObjectiveInvestigate the microbial contamination condition of ultrasound probe?transvaginal ultrasound probe and coupling agent. Study the disinfection property of disinfectant coupling agents. Prevente the nosocomial infection and cross infection which caused by ultrasonic equipment, and provide prevention and control measures.Method1. QuestionnairThrough E-mail and site inspection,to investigate the sanitary conditions of external ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound in 73 hospitals of 15 provinces and cities where the national hospital sterilization and infection control monitoring program carried out.2. Microbial contamination condition of ultrasound probeTake samples from the ultrasound department in five Beijing hospitals. And collect probe samples according to ?Technical Standard for Disinfection?. The samples immediately inoculated on nutrient agar.blood agar and Sabouraud medium for surviving bacteria count and microbiological assay. At the same time,Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were set as the target bacteria to calculate detection rate.3. Sanitary condition of coupling agent(1) The common coupling agents Take unopened coupling agents and used coupling agents from five Beijing hospitals. Record the name of hospitals and department ? manufacturing codes ? expiration date and the opening time of coupling agent. According to the test procedures specified in?Technical Standard for Disinfection ? published in 2002, bacterial strains were identified with VITEK2 automatic bacteria identification system.(2) The disinfectant coupling agents Buy 16 kinds of disinfectant coupling agents availabled in the market, then chose staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans,pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli as experimental bacterial. According to?Technical Standard for Disinfection?published in 2002?GB27951-2011?Hygiene Requirements for Skin Disinfection??WS/T 367-2012?Regulation of Disinfection Technique in Healthcare Settings?and in combination with manufacturer's instructions , select 1 minutes, 3 minutes and 5 minutes as action time; Microbial identification experiment was carried out at the same time.(3) Sterile coupling agents With reference to disposable sanitary products evaluation test specified in the ?Technical Standard for Disinfection?,the quantitative and qualitative testing of bacteria and fungi were carried out.Result1. Seventy-three hospitals in 15 provinces and cities participated in the questionnaire, 47.95%(35/73) reported having no clear and practical written guidelines for ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound decontamination. There was a wide range of clean and disinfection methods used by hospitals, but there is no uniform clean and disinfection standard. And the majority of hospitals (33/64) used common coupling agents in exteral ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound examination.2. 173 samples of in ultrasonnd probe were collected from five hospitals in Beijing, 90.17% were exceed the total bacterial count standard. Staphylococcus aureus was detected out in 8 samples. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected out in 1 sample. 63 samples of transvaginal ultrasound probes were detected, 98.41% were exceed the total bacterial count standard , but pathogenic bacteria was not detected out.3. 22 samples of unopened coupling agent and 52 samples of using coupling agent in five Beijing third-class & first-grade hospitals were detected. The over standard rates of total bacterial count were 68.18% and 67.31% respectively. The difference between them was not statistically significant. 1 samples of using coupling agent was detected out Staphylococcus aureus. In 16 kinds of the sold disinfectant coupling agent products, 15 disinfectant coupling agents were not up to standards.Two kinds of disinfectant coupling agent had severe bacterial contamination. For 3 kinds of sterile coupling agent, 1 can't reach the level of sterile.ConclusionThere is a wide variation in ultrasound probe decontamination across hospitals,but most of the cleaning and disinfection methods are not applicable to the hospital daily disinfection. It's hard to meet the hygiene requirements of ultrasonic equipment;The microbial contamination condition of ultrasound probe is serious, health status pollution bullish or become the source of the hospital infection. It's necessary to seek appropriate disinfection method .The total bacterial counts of medical ultrasonic coupling agent in hospitals are below that of the standard. And the disinfection effect of most disinfectant ultrasonic coupling agent is not up to standard. We need to standardize the use of the coupling agent and improve the quality of production.