Construction Of Hybrid Chinese Reference Adult Phantoms And ? Dose Estimation

The anthropomorphic Computational Phantoms are applied to the evaluation of dose distributions for internal or external radiation. The construction of the phantoms depends on the VPCF voxel model and the CRAW voxel model for China adult reference female, and refers to the CRAM voxel model for china adult reference male as well. The phantoms are voxelized and imported into MCNP and FLUKA. The FLUKA codes are carried out to calculate the effective dose conversion coefficients for external negative and positive muons in AP, PA, LLAT, RLAT and ISO irradiation geometries.The Hybrid phantoms describe the human anatomical features realistically and realize the adjustment of the parameters for each part of human body easily. The organs and tissues are segmented from the sectioned color slice images by 3D-DOCTOR. Based on the anthropometric and the reference data of China Reference or Asia Reference, NURBS surfaces are constructed from Polygon Meshes through the Rhinoceros software. In terms of Voxelization, BINVOX software is used to read the interior of surfaces into a series of Voxels.A set of programs are coded in MATLAB to assign a single code for each organ and tissue,and integrate the voxel groups to phantoms with the voxel resolution of 0.22×0.22×0.22cm3 and 0.2×0.2×0.2 cm3 for male and female, respectively. All parts of the final phantom are matched to their reference organ masses within a tolerance of ±5%. The input files writed to describe the phantoms in MCNP and FLUKA for the subsequent calculation.The effective dose conversion coefficients for negative and positive muons with China reference phantoms calculated for 21 external monoenergetic beams ranging from 0.01GeV to 100TeV in anterior-posterior (AP), posterior-anterior (PA) directions, left lateral (LLAT), right lateral (RLAT) with a plane source and isotropic source (ISO) through the FLUKA codes. The calculated results are presented and compared in series situations including irradiation geometry, gender, location of the organs, charged nature of muons and different phantoms(china reference, ICRP reference and MIRD stylized models). The comparison results show that the dose conversion coefficients exhibit small differences for the energy above 200MeV,and are sensitive to the situations at the energy below 200MeV.