Weight Changes During Adulthood Are Associated With Cardiovascular Risk Factors In The Population Aged 45-60 Years In Hefei

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of overweight/obesity,obesity,central obesity,impaired fasting glucose(IFG),hypertension and dyslipidemia in the population aged 45-60 years in Hefei,and analyze the relationship of weight changes since age 20 with cardiovascular risk factors,including hypertension,IFG and dyslipidemia,so as to find a scientific foundation for preventing chronic diseases.Methods The sample was selected from the medical center for physical examination,Anhui Province Hospital of Armed Police Forces from December 2011 to June 2012.The participants were interviewed face-to-face by trained interviewers using a questionnaire.The contents of this survey mainly include two parts: the questionnaire and laboratory examination.Questionnaire includes the general demographic parameters(age,education level,smoking status,drinking status etc),the changes of body weight and body mass index(BMI)since age 20,physical activity,eating habits,height,weight,waist circumference(WC),hip circumference,blood pressure of the participants.Laboratory examination includes the level of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),blood lipids and serum uric acid(SUA).Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between weight changes since age 20(loss?5.0kg;stable [±4.9kg];gain 5.0-9.9kg;gain ?10.0kg)and cardiovascular risk factors.Results The study consisted of 1715 subjects(1013 male and 702 female subjects)with a mean(±SD)age of 51.0±4.7 years,aged 45-60 y.The minority(22.5%)of the participants had a higher level of education;the proportion of smokers and alcohol drinkers were 28.9% and 47.4%,respectively.In our study,the prevalence of overweight/obesity,central obesity,hypertension,IFG and dyslipidemia were 70.8%,61.9%,32.1%,17.7% and 36.9%,respectively.The mean BMI at age 20 was20.0±2.2kg/m2 and 24.6±3.0kg/m2(P<0.001)at study entry.The mean body weight changes since age 20 of male participants was 13.9±9.7kg.The mean body weight changes since age 20 of female participants was 9.8±8.5kg.The subjects who gained?10.0kg since age 20 were more likely to be men,younger,former smoker,non-drinker,have a lower education level,a lower BMI and body weight at age 20(P<0.01).The metabolic equivalent time of physical activity during work in stable weight group is higher than the other three groups(P=0.003),and the metabolic equivalent time of physical activity during transportation and housework in weight loss ?5.0kg group is higher than the other three groups(P<0.02).The body weight,BMI,WC,hip circumference,waist-hip ratio(WHR),and the mean levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),triglyceride(TG),SUA,and the prevalence of overweight/obese,obesity,central obesity,hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia were increased in the group of subjects gained ?10.0kg(P<0.05),while the mean level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was lower(P<0.001)in the group weight gain ?10.0kg.In addition,the mean level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and the prevalence of high-risk HDL-C were higher(P<0.01)in the group ‘weight gain?10.0kg' within male subjects;the mean level of LDL-C and the prevalence of high-risk LDL-C were higher(P<0.05)in the group ‘weight gain 5.5-9.9kg' within female subjects;the mean level of FPG was significantly higher(P=0.001)in the group ‘weight gain ?10.0kg'within female subjects.After adjusting for age,education,smoking status and other confounding factors,men with ‘weight gain 5.0-9.9kg' had an increased risk of hypertriglyceridemia(OR: 2.54;95%CI: 1.16-5.55,P<0.05),men with ‘weight gain?10.0kg' had significantly increased risks of hypertension(OR: 3.07,95%CI: 1.98-4.76, P<0.001),IFG(OR: 1.74,95%CI: 1.02-2.97,P<0.05),hypertriglyceridemia(OR: 5.72,95%CI: 2.94-11.12,P<0.001)and high-risk HDL-C levels(OR: 2.77,95%CI: 1.42-5.40,P<0.05).Women with ‘weight gain 5.0-9.9kg' had increased risks of hypertriglyceridemia(OR: 3.97,95%CI: 1.09-14.38,P<0.05)and high-risk LDL-C levels(OR: 3.74,95%CI: 1.31-10.66,P<0.05).Women with ‘weight gain ?10.0kg' had increased risks of hypertension(OR: 2.01,95%CI: 1.18-3.42,P<0.01),hypertriglyceridemia(OR: 5.60,95%CI: 1.59-19.61,P<0.01)and high-risk LDL-C levels(OR: 3.40,95% CI: 1.18-9.82,P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of chronic disease is common in middle and old aged population of Hefei.After adjusting for age,education,BMI at age 20 and other confounding factors,Weight gain since age 20 was significantly associated with increased risks of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia in both men and women,particularly for hypertriglyceridemia.In addition,weight gain was a predictor of IFG and high-risk HDL-C in men,but not in women.Furthermore,we found that weight gain during adulthood was associated with increased risk of high-risk LDL-C in women,but not in men.