Effect Of Diaphoresis On Chronic Kidney Disease By Regulating Intestinal Microecology

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of different doses of ephedra Decoction on chronic kidney disease(CKD)in rats.Methods: A total of 80 male SD rats were divided randomly into eight groups,which were normal group,model group,atropine group,pilocarpine group,valsartan group,ephedra Decoction high dose group,Middle dose of Ephedra Decoction group and Ephedra Decoction low dose group.Besides Nor group,all rats in the rest groups were intravenously injected with adriamycin(4mg/kg)only once and received adenine(200mg/kg/d)by intragastric for four weeks to establish CKD model.After successful modeling,pilocarpine group were given pilocarpine 5mg/kg/d,atropine group were given atropine 0.1mg/kg/d,valsartan group were given valsartan 13mg/kg/d,ephedra Decoction high dose group received 1.2g/kg/d Middle dose of Ephedra Decoction group received 0.6g/kg/d and Mahuang Decoction low dose group were given Mahuang Decoction 0.3 g/kg/d.NOR group and CKD group were intragastric administrated with normal saline lavage,After 4 weeks of drug intervention to collect blood and urine,foot skin,kidney,bowel and tissue samples for the detection of renal function,pathological staining to observe the morphological changes of kidney and intestinal glands,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection of serum interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-alpha)content,Western blotting(Westetn blot WB)in renal tissue was transforming growth factor(Transform growth,factor,TGF-?)and nuclear factor ? B(NF-? B)expression.Results:(1)the change of normal suboriferous did not change significantly.The model also did not change significantly,compared with model,different doses of ephedra Decoction and pilocarpine obvious expansion,atropine rat suboriferous significantly shrink,no significant change of valsartan.(2)Changes of renal structure and function: Compared with normal rats,the index of model in 24 h urine protein,serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were significantly increased(P <0.05).The indexes of high,medium and low dose of ephedra decoction were decreased after the addition of the drug,which was statistically significant(P <0.05).The serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were not significantly changed in the rats treated with valsartan(P <0.05),but there was no significant change in the levels of guanosine and atropine.The results of Masson staining and HE staining showed that: compared with the normal model,the glomeruli of the model were obviously sclerotic and solid,the tubular expansion was obvious,the inflammatory cells were infiltrated,and the collagen fibers were stained obviously.The pathological score of renal tissue and the area of renal interstitial fibrosis were significantly higher than normal(P < 0.05).Compared with the model,the high,middle and low doses of the pathological score and the area of fibrosis were lower than those of CKD(P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in the pathological changes and fibrosis area of pilocarpine,atropine and valsartan.Western-blot detection of TGF-?and NF-?B all showed that the expression of was almost normal,and the expression was significantly increased compared with normal(P < 0.05).Compared with the model,the expression of TGF-?and NF-?B high,middle and low dose of Ephedra Decoction decreased,with statistical significance(P < 0.05).Compared with the model,the changes of pilocarpine,atropine and valsartan were not obvious.(3)intestinal mucosal barrier structure: compared with the normal model,the intestinal villi of the model were lodged,the brush border was not continuous,the epithelial erosion was lost,and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated in the lamina propria of the intestinal mucosa.The pathological score of model intestinal mucosa was significantly higher than normal.The high,middle and low doses of Ephedra in the intestinal mucosa pathological score and the model have different degrees of reduction(P < 0.05).There was no significant change in Intestinal Mucosal pathological score of pilocarpine,atropine and valsartan.(4)systemic inflammation and intestinal local immunity: the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-?were significantly higher than normal(P < 0.05).Compared with the model,the high,middle and low doses of IL-6 and TNF-were significantly decreased(P < 0.05),and there was no significant difference in the levels of pilocarpine,atropine and valsartan.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of CD4+T lymphocytes in the model rats was significantly lower than that in normal control group,while the expression of CD8+T lymphocytes was significantly increased(P < 0.05).Compared with the model,the expression of CD4+T lymphocytes increased,while the expression of CD8+T lymphocytes decreased significantly(P < 0.05).There was no difference between the expression of CD4+T lymphocytes and CD8+T lymphocytes in pilocarpine,atropine and valsartan.Conclusion:1.Ephedra decoction can improve the renal structure and function of CKD rats.2.Ephedra decoction can improve the intestinal mucosal barrier structure and function of CKD rats.3.The improvement of the structure and function of kidney in CKD rats,which might be related with regulating of mucosal immunity,relieving the inflammatory system.