Antioxidant And Anti-Diabetic Nephropathy Effects Of Residue Polysaccharides From Flammulina Velutipes And Pleurotus Eryngii

The mushroom residue,a kind of leftovers of mushroom cultivation containing bioactive substances such as polysaccharides.However,serious problems including waste of resources and environmental pollution have been exposed owing to the development of edible fungus industry.The rational use of mushroom residue has been a hotspot in recent years.The research object is acidic-extractable FRPS?Ac-FRPS?,alkalic-extractable FRPS?Al-FRPS?,enzymatic-extractable FRPS?En-FRPS?and acidic-extractable PRPS?Ac-PRPS?,alkalic-extractable PRPS?Al-PRPS?,enzymatic-extractable PRPS?En-PRPS?.Then antioxidant activities in vitro,the effect of serum and antioxidant enzymes in the diabetic mice kidney tissue,monosaccharide composition,separation and purification were discussed in this test.Reducing power,hydroxyl radical?·OH?,super oxygen-anion?O₂·-?and DPPH radical as indicator to estimated antioxidant activities of Ac-,Al-,En-FRPS and Ac-,Al-,En-PRPS.As the study,antioxidant capacity of residue polysaccharides has the concentration dependence.En-FRPS had higher reducing power activity and stronger radical scavenging ability than other polysaccharides,and En-PRPS is second.The GLU levels of diabetes mice were increases and body weight were decrease significantly after being injected with STZ.The GLU levels of group Ac-,Al-,En-FRPS and Ac-,Al-,En-PRPS were declined by 44.86%,40.33%,46.64% and 42.25%,37.86%,44.92% compared to the mice in model control?MC?group at the dosage of 800 mg/kg,respectively.However,body weight was mitigated by pretreatment with Ac-,Al-,En-FRPS and Ac-,Al-,En-PRPS,especially in the high dosage group of En-FRPS,indicating that enzyme-assisted extraction improved oxidation resistance.The results showed that Ac-,Al-,En-FRPS and Ac-,Al-,En-PRPS had significant activities in reducing the renal index,levels of blood urea nitrogen?BUN?and creatinine?CRE?.Furthermore,the histopathological observation of kidney turns to normal levels with Ac-,Al-,En-FRPS and Ac-,Al-,En-PRPS,the En-FRPS and En-PRPS showed superior effects than Ac-,Al-FRPS and Ac-,Al-PRPS,demonstrating that En-FRPS and En-PRPS had the protective effects on kidney damage from diabetes.In the present study,the significant increase of SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px activities and the remarkable decrease of MDA contents were shown in Ac-,Al-,En-FRPS and Ac-,Al-,En-PRPS treated mice,and with the increase of concentration,the stronger the oxidation resistance.The studies showed that the En-FRPS and En-PRPS had superior antioxidant activities in vivo.The monosaccharide compositions analysis showed that Ac-FRPS and Al-PRPS mainly contained five monosaccharides including Rib,Ara,Xyl,Gal and Glu with different percentage composition and molar ratio.En-FRPS was contained with Ara,Xyl,Gal and Glu;Ac-PRPS was contained Ara,Xyl and Glu;Al-PRPS was mainly composed of Rib,Ara and Xyl;En-PRPS was contained with Gal and Glu.After DEAE-Cellulose ion exchange separation column,Ac-,Al-,En-FRPS and Ac-,Al-,En-PRPS obtained three components.When eluted by NaCl solution,the location of the peak appeared different.The present conclusions showed that Ac-,Al-,En-FRPS and Ac-,Al-,En-PRPS had antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo;Moreover,positive effects on curing the STZ-induced diabetes mellitus by improving the glucose and protecting kidney damage.These results indicated that the Ac-,Al-,En-FRPS and Ac-,Al-,En-PRPS might be used as a candidate in preventing diabetes mellitus,moreover,this study laid a foundation for antioxidant mechanism and structure-activity relationship in the future.