Sulforaphene And Sulforaphene-Glutathione Inhibit Cancer Cells With Special Mechanisms

Epidemiological evidences indicate that having cruciferous vegetables usually can reduce the risk of different types of tumors (including prostate cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, etc). The anti-cancer effects of cruciferous vegetables, including broccoli, owes to plenty of isothiocyanates in the plants. Sulforaphene (SFE) as a kind of isothiocyanates compounds extracted from radish seeds is similar to sulforaphane (SFN) in the chemical structure. The only difference is that SFE has a double bond but SFE does not have. Many researches in vivo and vitro have proved that SFN is an effective anti-cancer compound. Nowadays, SFE also has been shown that can inhibit the cells growing in lung cancer, liver cancer, esophageal squamous carcinoma, breast cancer and some other kinds of tumor cells. Sulforaphene-Glutathione (SFE-GSH) is a compound that is a combination of SFE and GSH owning the function of detoxification by chemical synthesis. SFE-GSH is more stable than SFE. But it is still unknown if SFE-GSH has the effect of killing cancer cells. In this paper, we mainly studied the anti-cancer activity and mechanism of SFE and SFE-GSH in breast cancer. And we drew some conclusions as follows:First, this paper confirmed that SFE can induce three negative breast cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase by flow cytometry. SFE inhibited cell proliferation by up-regulating the molecular target gene Egrl and arrested cell cycle through Egrl- cyclinB1- Cdc2 pathway.Second, this paper evaluated the anti-cancer activity of SFE-GSH to a variety of tumor cells in vitro such as lung cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer and melanoma etc. The anti-cancer activity of SFE-GSH is obviously better than that of SFE in seven breast cancer cells in vitro. The mice tumor model in vivo also confirmed that SFE-GSH has the anticancer effect in vivo.Finally, this paper preliminary explored the new anti-cancer mechanism of SFE-GSH in breast cancer. SFE-GSH can induce breast cancer cell apoptosis by flow cytometry. Also we found the potential gene target SCD1 by gene chip analysis and confirmed that SFE-GSH could act as an anti- breast cancer drug through the mechanism of down-regulating gene SCD1.