The Expression Of HMGB1 In The Vitreous Of Open Ocular Trauma Patients

BackgroundOpen ocular trauma can not only damage the integrity of the eyeball, also can cause serious damage to patients' visual function, and endophthalmitis is one of the most serious complications of it. Traumatic endophthalmitis develops fast and often leads to frustrating visual outcome. Traumatic endophthalmitis is one of the most common diseases that result in loss of vision. Bacterial infection is generally recognized as the most direct factors of post-traumatic endophthalmitis, however, clinical studies have shown that some patients with obvious clinical intraocular inflammation, repeated bacterial culture results are negative. These may suggest that the development of traumatic endophthalmitis could not simply due to bacterial infection, there may be other factors maintain or enhance the inflammatory response. Recent researches show that High-mobility group box proteins 1(HMGB1), On the one hand, as a kind of damage-associated molecular patterns molecule(DAMPs), can be released from cells following mechanical injuries, HMGB1 stimulates innate immune cells to respond to sterile injury; on the other hand, HMGB1 as an important regulatory factor in bacterial infection and autoimmune diseases, this suggests that HMGB1 may play a role in the process of the open ocular traumatic endophthalmitis. In order to assess the damage degree of ocular trauma and the vision prognosis, the ocular trauma score(OTS) is considered to be relatively objective and accurate scoring system. In this study, the open ocular trauma patients were chosen as the research subject, HMGB1 was chosen as the research object, the OTS and the expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous after ocular trauma were chosen as the key point, to explore whether HMGB1 can serve as an inflammation indicator of the open ocular trauma and whether HMGB1 can estimate the severity of ocular trauma. Materials and methodsForty-six cases(46 eyes) were involved in the present study in the Ophthalmology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Sep. 2015 to Feb. 2016. Thirty-four cases(34 eyes) with open ocular trauma were chosen as the trauma group, 16 cases(16 eyes) in the trauma group without the active endophthalmitis were chosen as the trauma-A group, 18 cases(18 eyes)in the trauma group with the active endophthalmitis were chosen as the trauma-B group. Fourteen cases(14 eyes) in the trauma group without the intraocular foreign body were chosen as the NIFB group, 20 cases(20 eyes) in the trauma group with the intraocular foreign body as the IFB group. Twelve cases(12 eyes) with the idiopathic macular hole(IMH) were chosen as the control group. Collect the vitreous of all the patients in the operation, detection the expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of all the patients by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Results The trauma group of OTS was 19 ~ 77, 19 cases(55.9%) of OTS-level 1, 11 cases(32.3%) of OTS-level 2, 4 cases(16.1%) of OTS-level 3. The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the control group was(113.13±93.46) pg/ml, and the trauma group was(458.24±742.99) pg/ml. The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the Trauma group was higher than in the control group, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Through the linear correlation analysis, r=-0.276(P>0.05), the expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the trauma group and OTS had no linear correlation according to the current data. The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the Trauma-A group was(222.35±168.72) pg/ml and the Trauma-B group was(667.93±973.42) pg/ml. The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the Trauma-A group was higher than in the control group, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05). The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the Trauma-B group was highest among the Trauma-A group and the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the IFB group was(603.18±913.61) pg/ml and the NIFB group was(251.19±320.79) pg/ml. The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the IFB group was higher than the NIFB group, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05). The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the IFB group was higher than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of the NIFB group was higher than the control group, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion1. The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of open ocular trauma patients increased significantly.2. The expression of HMGB1 in the vitreous of traumatic active endophthalmitis increased more obviously. This suggest that HMGB1 is related to the eye tissue damage and intraocular inflammation, it may be an important factor in the inflammation of the traumatic, can be used as the biological molecules to assessment the trend of the traumatic endophthalmitis.