Development And Application Of The Aspiration Risk Factors Assessment Scale For Stroke Patients

Objective:To develop the aspiration risk factors assessment scale for stroke patients, through literature analysis, survey research, expert consultation method,in order to provide a scientific and effective evaluation tool for the aspiration risk assessment of stroke patients. By applying the scale,The nurses improve the ability to identify the aspiration risk factors for stroke patients and take preventive measures to reduce the incidence of aspiration.Method:This study consists of two parts. The first part is the design of aspiration risk factors assessment scale. Based on the literature analysis and investigation,explore the risk factors of aspiration in stroke patients and Preliminaryly develop the item pool of aspiration risk factors. Using expert consultation method, complete the initial scale through two rounds of expert consultation. The second part is the clinical application of the aspiration risk factors assessment scale. The research object was diagnosed as stroke patients. The control group did not use the aspiration risk factors scale and care the patient according to the conventional methods. The experimental group used the aspiration risk factors scale, evaluated the aspiration risk and take the corresponding nursing measures. To observe the levelof knowledge of aspiration, the execution rate of aspiration risk assessment and the implementation rate of aspiration prevention measures betwen the two groups of nurses. To observe the incidence of aspiration betwen the two groups of patients.Results:? The results of the survey and literature review:Preliminaryly develop aspiration risk factors for stroke patients, the risk factors Include eight First level indicator:Age, consciousness, swallowing function, cough reflex, vomiting, Oral feeding position, Nasogastric tube nutrition support, artificial airway, the risk factors Include 32 two stage index,40 entries Totally.?the results of expert opinion consultation:The authority coefficient of consultancy expert in this research is 0.90±0.34; The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaire was 93.33% and 100%, respectively; The coefficient of variation of the first and two indicators are less than 0.2; Expert opinions were consistent, After two rounds of investigation.?The reliability and validity test results of the the aspiration risk factors assessment scale:Cronbach's a is 0.81, It shows that the scale has good internal consistency. The scale has good content validity,through the expert's authority, the expert opinion, the coordination degree analysis.?The clinical application effect of the scale:The difference of the levelof knowledge of aspiration, the execution rate of aspiration riskassessment and the implementation rate of aspiration prevention measures betwen the two groups of nurses was statistically significant (P<0.01). The differences of aspiration incidence betwen the two groups of patients was statistically significant (P<0.05)Conclusion:Design the aspiration risk factors assessment scale for stroke patients, through literature analysis, survey research, expert consultation method. The scale has good reliability and validity and provides a scientific and effective assessment tool for clinical practice. The application of the risk assessment scale improved the nurses' ability to identify and manage the risk of aspiration and improved the nurse's implementation for aspiration prevention. Good nursing intervention can improve the patient's safety, then reduce the incidence of aspiration.