| Objective:1. Screening of pregnant women who are set up a card of medical care are at high risk of gestational diabetes.2. To understand the distribution and risk factors of high risk factors for the high risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus in Guizhou area.3.To understand the dietary nutrition of pregnancy in Guizhou diabetes high risk population intake, provide scientific basis for maternal nutrition intervention.3. Clear gestational diabetes in high-risk populations, the impact of early intervention on maternal glucose metabolism and pregnancy outcome, and provide a theoretical basis for good pregnancy outcomes and maternal health. Methods:1.By means of questionnaire for gestational diabetes mellitus high-risk pregnancy screening of 1038 pregnant women in early pregnancy,who have the perinatal health care card of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University. 2.Women who were in the 7th to 12+6st week of high-risk gestation were randomly assigned to usual prenatal care (control group) or dietary intervention, exercise intervention, weight management, self-monitoring of blood glucose (treatment group).Two groups of pregnant women 24h dietary recall, compared the two groups of pregnant women nutrient uptake.3.The two groups of pregnant women were compared pregnancy outcomes. Results:1.Screened 348 cases of gestational diabetes in high-risk pregnant women in the construction of perinatal care card 1038 trimester pregnancies, the detection rate was 33.53%.2.2. The two groups of pregnant women for 24h dietary recall showed that compared with the control group, the intervention group energy, protein, carbohydrates, vitamin A, folic acid, calcium, iron, zinc intake and RNI was significantly higher, while intake of vitamin E and RNI ratio lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).9.1% Energy 38.2% and 39.6% in the control group for breakfast, lunch and dinner of the total respectively, accounting for 13.1% of energy snacks, breakfast and snacks ratio is too low, while lunch and dinner energy constitutes high. Each intervention group meals reasonable allocation, there are differences (P<0.05) in both groups and energy distribution dinner snacks. The control group carbohydrate ratio higher than the intervention group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).3. The incidence of GDM intervention group (10.00%) than the control group (26.00%), the blood glucose OGTT test an hour after taking the syrup, the treatment group (7.53± 1.80 mmol·L-1) than the control group (8.33±1.51 mmol·L-1), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).4. The intervention group weight (13.91± 4.00kg) growth than the control group (16.37±5.55 kg), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of early fetal huge child births were lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion:1. Gestational diabetes high proportion of high-risk groups in the cards pregnant women at high risk of gestational diabetes prevalence of early pregnancy insufficient energy intake, dietary nutrient intake unreasonable, etc need to strengthen nutrition guidance at high risk of gestational diabetes, after dietary intervention significantly improved nutrient intake.2. Diet and exercise as the main way to control weight as the main objective of the lifestyle intervention can prevent maternal weight imbalance, leading to the prevention of pregnant women, pregnant women, due to poor diet and overweight affect newborn birth, help to reduce the rate of cesarean section. At the same time through nutritional guidance during pregnancy can effectively prevent low birth weight children and great children, to improve the quality of birth is significant. |
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