Expression Of PPAR?, COX2 And Nf-?B In Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma

Purpose: Thyroid tumor is a common thyroid disease, with incidence of 2%- 5%(about 1% of all cancer),with a tendency of increasing and early morbidity. Thyroid tumor includes both benign and malignant. More than 70% of malignant tumors are thyroid papillary carcinomas. A large number of genes are involved in the development of thyroid papillary carcinomas, for example oncogene activation, tumor suppressor gene mutation, antiapoptotic gene overexpression. PPAR? is widely distributed in the body as a nuclear transcription factor. It participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. NF-?B, as a downstream factor of PPAR? is inhibited in transcription once the receptor is activated and then shows strong anti-inflammatory or anti-tumor effects. COX2 played a key role in prostaglandin synthesis and its prostaglandin production, 15 d PGJ2 is the natural ligand of PPAR?. Previous studies have found that PPAR?, COX2 and NF-?B have played important roles in breast ductal carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, gastric cancer, respectively, which has vital effect in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Up to now, the roles of PPAR?, COX2 and NF-?B in the development of thyroid papillary carcinoma are unclear. In this study, PPAR?, COX2 and NF-?B will be investigated in thyroid carcinoma tissues through immunohistochemical staining in order to further reveal the mechanism of three genes in thyroid carcinogenesis. This study will provide theoretical basis for the early prevention and clinical target therapy in thyroid papillary carcinoma.Methods:One hundred and sixty six cases of thyroid tissue were collected from the department of Pathology, Langfang People's Hospital. It included 52 cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma, 60 cases of thyroid adenoma and 54 cases of nodular goiter. PPAR?, COX2 and NF-?B were detected in all samples using immunohistochemistry, IHC.Results:1 Expression of PPAR? in the thyroid tissuesThe results showed that the expression of PPAR? in thyroid papillary carcinoma tissue was 67.3%(35/52), significantly higher than that in thyroid adenoma(35.00%) and nodular goiter(35.19%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference of PPAR? expression between adenoma tissues and nodular goiter(P > 0.05)The expression of PPAR? was significantly correlated with fibromembranous infiltration and lymph node metastasis. The positive expression rate of PPAR? expression in thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis was obviously higher than that in samples without lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). he expression of PPAR? had not relationships with age, sex, tumor size and infiltrating depth(P>0.05).2 Expression of COX2 in thyroid tissuesImmunohistochemical results showed that positive expression rates of COX2 in thyroid papillary carcinoma, thyroid adenoma and nodular goiter are 75.00%(39/52), 28.33%(17/60) and 45.60%(23/54), respectively. Its expression in cancerous tissue is significantly higher than thyroid adenoma and nodular goiter samples(P<0.05). However, the expression of COX2 had no significant differences between thyroid adenoma and nodular goiter(P>0.05). Furthermore, thyroid papillary carcinoma with lymph node metastasis displayed higher expression of COX2 than samples without lymph node metastasis(92% vs 51.85%, P<0.05). The expression of COX2 in thyroid papillary carcinoma with diameter ?1 cm showed more frequency than cases with the diameter of <1 cm. COX2 expression was not related with patient's age, gender and pathologic stage(P>0.05).3 Expression of NF-?B in thyroid tissuesThe NF-?B expression in thyroid papillary carcinoma tissue was 80.77%(42/52), significantly higher than that in adenoma group 31.67%(19/60) and nodular goiter 38.89%(21/54)(P<0.05). There were no significant differences of COX2 expression between thyroid adenoma and nodular goiter(P>0.05).Statistic results found that NF-?B expression had significant relationships with tumor stage, lymph node metastases and infiltrating depth(P<0.05), but had no obvious correlation with patients' age, sex and tumor size(P>0.05).4 Correlation of COX2, NF-?B and PPAR? in thyroid papillary carcinoma.In thyroid papillary carcinoma tissues, PPAR? expression showed a positive correlation with the expression of COX2(P<0.05) and NF-?B(P<0.05). Moreover, COX2 expression in thyroid papillary carcinoma tissue was also positively correlated with the expression of the expression of NF-?B(P<0.05).Conclusion:1 The expression of PPAR?, COX2 and NF-?B in thyroid papillary carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in the thyroid adenoma and nodular goiter, indicating that PPAR?, COX2 and NF-?B were involved in the development of the thyroid cancer.2 PPAR? expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and clinical pathologic staging; the expression of COX2 and NF-?B was closely related to the tumor infiltration depth and lymph node metastasis. The expression of PPAR?, COX2 and NF-?B might be was closely related to the infiltration and metastasis of tumor.3 In thyroid papillary carcinoma tissue, the expression of COX2, PPAR? and NF-?B showed positive correlation, suggesting that COX2, PPAR? and NF-?B played synergistical roles in the occurrence and development of thyroid papillary carcinoma.