Analysis Of Characteristics Of Cognitive Dysfunction In Patients With Mild And Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury And Its Influence Factors

Background Nowadays,the incidence of traumatic brain injury is very high.There may be varying degrees of neurological dysfunction left in the patients with traumatic brain injury after recovering consciousness.The neurological disorders including: motor dysfunction,sensory disturbances,cognitive disorders,speech disorders,personality changes,etc.Cognitive dysfunction is one of the more common among them.The prognosis of patients with mild-to-moderate craniocerebral injury is relatively good and the possibility of returning to study and work is great.But if the patients with one or more of the cognitive dysfunctions such as response capability decline,initiative reduction,recent memory disorders,etc,they will be difficult to return to normal life and work.Because these disorders can affect patients' memorizing,consolidation and extraction to things and knowledge.The object of studying the characteristics and influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction after TBI is multi-selected patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.There is less comprehensive analysis about the multi-factors that may affect the cognitive dysfunction of patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury.Therefore,doctors lack of the scientific basis to assess the probability and characteristics of cognitive impairment after mild to moderate traumatic brain injury.Objective To research the characteristics and related influence factors of cognitive dysfunction in patients with mild and moderate traumatic brain injury(TBI)and provide basis for early diagnosis and targeted treatment and rehabilitation training of cognitive dysfunction.Methods A prospective study was performed on 102 patients with mild and moderate TBI from The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University since September 2014 to September 2015,using the Montreal cognitive assessment(Mo CA)of Chinese version to assess their cognitive function.To divide the patients into cognitive dysfunction group and no cognitive dysfunction group by the scores of the assessment.Correlation analysis of age,gender,educational level was performed in patients with and without cognitive dysfunction.Grouping the patients by the differences of damaged site,to analysis the differences of degree of cognitive dysfunction among patients with different damaged site.Logistic regression analysis was further used to analyze the influence factors for cognitive dysfunction.Two months later after injury,assessing the cognitive function of patients again to observe the variation tendency of cognitive function in patients.Results 1.In enrolled 102 patients,74 cases(72.5%)were identified with cognitive dysfunction.2.Through the each cognitive domain score comparison between cognitive dysfunction group and no cognitive dysfunction group shows that there are significant differences in the visual-spatial and executive function,attention and calculation,language,abstract,and delayed memory(P<0.01).3.The patients with trauma in frontal lobe,temporal lobe and basal ganglia were more severe in terms of cognitive dysfunction than the other groups(P < 0.05).4.Logistic regression analysis showed that educational level is the protection factor of cognitive dysfunction in patients with mild-to-moderate TBI and age is its risk factor(P < 0.01).Conclusion 1.After mild and moderate traumatic brain injury,cognitive dysfunction mainly manifested as visual-spatial and executive function,attention and calculation,language,abstract,and delayed memory.2.The patients with trauma in Frontal lobe,temporal lobe and basal ganglia were more severe in terms of cognitive dysfunction 3.Educational level is the protection factor of cognitive dysfunction in patients with mild-to-moderate TBI and age is its risk factor.