Study On The Intervertebral Disc By Synchrotron Radiation

Background:Intervertebral disc degeneration has a serious threat to human health.Especially it can cause the neck 、 back pain,numbness of limbs,activity obstacle,sphincter dysfunction and other serious consequences.It cause heavy burden to the individual and society.Now this disease has become a hot research topic in the field of biomedical research.At this time we determine whether we have the disc degeneration is through the imaging findings of intervertebral disc,mainly including traditional X-ray imaging,high resolution CT(HRCT),and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The existing conventional magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)can only achieve the resolution of 1 mm.High resolution CT(HRCT)only can reach 0.25 0.68 mm.Given the limitations of principle,the examination of some of the soft tissue imaging cannot meet the clinical needs.The disc end plate,fiber rings,the structure of the nucleus pulposus are need for more detailed imaging.This topic mainly through Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility(SSRF)biomedical line station to imaging of the intervertebral disc of mice and humans,the purpose lies in the study of synchrotron radiation technology applied in the experiment method of intervertebral disc imaging feasibility.Synchrotron Radiation is close to the speed of light speed of electrons or other electrically charged particles in curve movement along the orbital energy of continuous distribution of the Radiation of the tangent direction of the light.So far,the synchrotron radiation light source,with its high flux,high brightness,high accurate laymen,wavelength tunable irreplaceable advantages make imaging technology for the development of the revolutionary.At present,the application of synchrotron radiation are mainly concentrated in the aspect of vascular imaging,Zhang MQ [1] using synchrotron radiation imaging technology,such as in the case of no contrast agent,in mice brain imaging,and 3 d reconstruction,can observe the smallest blood vessels of 11.8 microns in diameter,and put forward by synchrotron radiation can be more detailed shows in mice brain blood vessels,is an effective way to the study of brain functions.So far,the synchrotron radiation imaging experimental method used in intervertebral disc has reported,for this,I will study synchrotron radiation imaging technology applied to the imaging of intervertebral disc experiment method,because the subject is limited,the main use of synchrotron radiation of intervertebral disc,disc imaging in mice,auxiliary MRI,CT and histological staining techniques,a preliminary study of intervertebral disc synchrotron radiation imaging of specific methods,to observe the subtle structure combined with clinical phenomenon,put forward hypothesis.Objective:First of all,this study tried to use the Shanghai synchrotron radiation light source(SSRF)BL13W1 biomedical line station,gradient observation after alcohol dehydration of fresh bodies of intervertebral disc tissue,and the line stand the highest resolution(0.65 microns)intervertebral disc tissue in mice to observe,study under the different organizations,the best parameters of synchrotron radiation.Through compared with MRI,CT and histological staining technique,discusses the application of synchrotron radiation imaging feasibility of disc research,understand the fine structure of the intervertebral disc,by its is endplate nutrition channel and fiber ring division.Method:Freshly collected the vertebral disc-vertebral body structure unit,collect mice "vertebral disc-vertebral body" as sample,the intervertebral disc tissue by fixed gradient,MRI,CT examination,synchrotron radiation imaging.Intervertebral disc tissue in mice by fixed gradient,synchrotron radiation imaging,paraffin embedding for Sirius scarlet,after the new blue,masson staining.The intervertebral disc synchrotron radiation images,using PITRE software to deal with image acquisition TIFF format file,respectively phase recovery,sinogram reconstruction,slice reconstruction steps,etc.Phase recovery and slice reconstruction parameters by repeatedly trying,and obtain the optimal value.Intervertebral disc of 3 d reconstruction in mice was conducted using VGstudio software,import data,adjust the wide window,and the image of old who don’t are different dyeing,highlighted to want to show structure.Results:(1)Intervertebral disc synchrotron radiation imaging experimental parameters are as follows:In the case of resolution for 9 micron,disc end plate imaging parameters,the energy of 17 kev,beam for 55 ma,samples from the detector to 50 cm,exposure time is 60 ms.People disc annulus imaging parameters: the energy of 15 kev,beam for 46 ma,samples from the detector to 50 cm,exposure time of 50 ms.Intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus imaging parameters: an energy for 13 kev,beam for 37 ma,samples from the detector to 50 cm,exposure time of 30 ms.In the case of a resolution of 0.65 micrometers,intervertebral disc in mice endplate imaging parameters: the energy of 15 kev,beam for 46 ma,samples from the detector is 6.5 cm,exposure time of 50 ms.Disc fiber ring imaging parameters in mice: energy for 14 kev,beam is 40 ma,samples from the detector is 6.5 cm,exposure time of 40 ms.Mice intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus imaging parameters: the energy of 11 kev,beam is 32 ma,samples from the detector is 6.5 cm,exposure time of 20 ms.(2)using synchrotron radiation imaging observe subtle structure:In human intervertebral disc end plate can be observed within the smallest bone trabecular structure of about 50 microns in diameter,trabecular bone connected each other,forming a complex "sponge porosity" channel.Within the intervertebral disc in mice endplate we can observe the minimum trabecular bone structure about 10 microns in diameter,near intervertebral disc side,inside the end plate of trabecular bone density was significantly increased;We observed in the nucleus pulposus,the minimum diameter of about 8 microns sample cell structure;Intervertebral disc fiber ring can be observed in mice is about 6 microns,the smallest fiber diameter fiber ring in the disc division is uneven.Discussion:(1)this paper for the first time using synchrotron radiation imaging observation of intervertebral disc tissue,through repeated experiments of experimental parameters,eventually prove to be of intervertebral disc endplate and mice fiber ring disc and endplate,nucleus pulposus imaging effect is superior to the current commonly used imaging methods,the clinical diagnosis and treatment has great potential in the future.(2)this paper found that using synchrotron radiation imaging resolution of 0.9 micrometers,intervertebral disc end plate can be observed that people within the bone trabecular structure,minimum about 50 microns in diameter.The findings that we are of great significance to the early diagnosis of intervertebral disc degeneration,but how to locate radiation in intervertebral disc needs to be checked,how to reduce the radiation harm to human health,these problems need further research.(3)this paper found that using synchrotron radiation imaging resolution of 0.65 micrometers,can clear show the trabecular bone structure in intervertebral disc endplate in mice,by 3 d reconstruction technology of intervertebral disc endplate nutrition channel have further understanding of,the pathophysiological changes of intervertebral disc degeneration has a new way of study.(4)in this paper using the resolution of 0.65 micrometers synchrotron radiation imaging process,found that mice with intervertebral disc fiber ring division has inhomogeneity,in view of the intervertebral disc to protect the important role of nucleus pulposus,relieve spinal pressures,the particularity of its morphology,may be associated with intervertebral disc herniation clinical areas.(5)this paper found the synchrotron radiation imaging technology is applied to the practice of intervertebral disc tissue,enables us to observe the structure and is difficult to find original phenomenon(by the imaging of soft tissue),the ability to suggest we should give full play to the fine qualities of synchrotron radiation,use a variety of models,study on the synchrotron radiation imaging in play an important role in early diagnosis and treatment of disease.