| In the semi-arid loess plateau region of China,the combination of improving the food production capacity of dry farmland and improving the ecological environment is the core of solving the problem of sustainable development in the region.This paper studies the characteristics of maize yield increase and soil respiration combined with plastic film mulching technology and provides references for sustainable development.In this study,corn was used as the object,and field tests were conducted in 2016 and 2017.The non-film-mulched and non-fertilized（M0N0）,non-film-mulched and fertilized（M0N1）,film-mulched and non-fertilized（M1N0）,and film-mulched and fertilized（M1N1）,unmulched bare land（BM0）and bare land mulched（BM1）were set,a total of six treatments.The parameters such as maize yield,farmland soil respiration,soil physical and chemical properties were determined.The main findings are as follows:1.When covered with plastic film,it can significantly increase corn biomass,yield,and100-grain weight.In the non-fertilized and fertilized conditions,the output of film-mulched production in 2016 was increased by 150.5%and 482.6%,respectively,compared to non-film-coated production;in 2017,it was increased by 410.9%and 758.3%,respectively;Grain weight increased by 96.8%and 66.9%,respectively,compared to non-mulching treatment.In 2017,it increased by 60.6%and 134.1%,respectively.Under the condition of mulching,fertilization treatment can significantly increase maize yield compared to non-fertilizer treatment,which increased by 109.5%and 156.5%in 2016 and 2017,respectively,but had no effect on 100-grain weight of corn.The coated fertilizer treatment can significantly increase the number of grains per panicle compared with the non-fertilizer coating.2.During the relaxation period of the two-year experiment,mulch film coverage has a certain role in supplementing deep-seated soil moisture by blocking the evaporation of soil moisture and collecting rainwater in the leisure season.From October 23,2016 to April 25,2017.The average soil moisture content at the five-meter depth changed from 15.0%to 16.2%,and the average soil moisture content at the five-meter depth changed from 13.1%to 13.8%for the film-covered fertilization,while the precipitation for the same period was only 32.6mm.It is clear that the soil moisture in the recreational period is effectively restored.3.At the end of the two-year growing season,the light fraction organic carbon（LFOC）content of the soil treated with fertilization（M0N1（1.35 g/kg,0.86 g/kg）,M1N1（0.69 g/kg,0.69g/kg））was higher than that of the corresponding non-fertilizer treatment（M0N0（0.68g/kg,0.64g/kg）,M1N0（0.49g/kg,0.43g/kg））.At the end of the two-year growing season,the light fraction organic carbon（LFOC）of the soil treated with film mulched（M1N0（0.49g/kg,0.43g/kg）,M1N1（0.69g/kg,0.69g/kg）,BM1（0.35g/kg,0.34g/kg））was lower than that of the corresponding non-mulched treatment(M0N0（0.68 g/kg,0.64 g/kg）,MON1（1.35 g/kg,0.86 g/kg）,BM0（0.74g/kg,0.66 g/kg）.4.The seasonal variation of soil respiration rate showed a tendency to increase first and then decrease with each treatment.The highest value was observed on August 11th in 2016 and the highest value was observed on July 4th in 2017.In the daily change of soil respiration on September 13,2016,the diurnal variation of the respiration rate of the soil covered with a film showed a bimodal emission trend,with the peak values at 14:00 and 2:00 respectively.Diurnal variation of soil respiration rate without coating treatment showed a peak-to-valley emission trend.The peak value also appeared at 14:00 in the afternoon,and there was a trough at 2:00 in the morning.5.The soil respiration rate has a good fitting relationship with the daily average temperature（P<0.05）.It can be fitted with an exponential equation model（the coefficient of determination R2is between 0.128 and 0.482）.However,the fitting relationship with other environmental factors,such as surface temperature and humidity,and soil organic carbon content,was not good（P>0.05）.6.Although the cumulative respiration rate of the film-mulched fertilizer treatment in growing season was relatively high,in the 2016 growing season,the accumulated respiration rate of the mulched fertilizer treatment was 15747 kg·ha-1,which was higher than that of the non-film-mulched fertilizer treatment,10314 kg·ha-1.However,due to the yield benefits brought by the film,the cumulative respiration rate per unit of film treatment is at a relatively low level.In the 2016 growing season,the cumulative respiration rate per unit of mulched fertilizer treatment is only 2.91 kg,which is much lower than 11.13kg of non-film-mulched fertilizer treatment. |
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